术语“外部IP地址"是否为“和“公共IP地址"同义的? [英] Are the terms "external IP address" and "public IP address" synonomous?
问题描述
外部IP地址与公共IP地址以及内部IP地址与私有IP地址的含义是否有所不同?
Is there a difference in the meaning of external IP address vs public IP address and internal IP address vs private IP address?
推荐答案
是的，外部和公共IP地址是同一回事，内部或私有IP地址就是您的防火墙/路由器内部的地址.因此，例如，如果您有BT homehub，它将为您的计算机提供IP地址，如192.168.1.65.外部IP地址是路由器用来在路由器外部防火墙外部发送/接收数据的地址.您可以通过访问像这样的网站来查看您的IP地址: http://whatismyipaddress.com/ (通常也可以在路由器管理的某些菜单中深入了解，但是所有路由器的用户界面都非常不同，因此很难解释位置/方式)
Yes, external and public IP address would be the same thing, and internal or private IP adress is the one you have inside your firewall/router. So for example, if you have a BT homehub, it will give your machine an IP address like 192.168.1.65. The external IP address is what your router uses to send/receive data OUTSIDE of the firewall that is part of the router. You can see what your IP address is by going to a website like this one: http://whatismyipaddress.com/ (It's usually also possible to figure out deep down in some menu in the administration of your router, but all routers are pretty much different user interfaces, so it's hard to explain where/how)
使用内部IP地址的原因有两个:
There are two reasons for using internal IP addresses:
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缺少免费" IP地址，因此，如果每个人的计算机都有一个公共IP地址，我们将演奏音乐椅子，但椅子的数量却比人少...通过拥有私有IP地址，许多计算机可以使用相同的专用IP地址，而只有少数几个路由器通过公用IP地址连接到实际的公用网络.
There is a shortage of "free" ip addresses, so if everyone's computer had a public IP address, we'd be playing musical chairs, but with far less chairs than people... By having private IP addresses, many computers can use the same private IP address, with just a few routers connected to the actual public network with a public IP address.
通过不允许直接路由到防火墙内部的每台计算机，可以提高安全性，因此，通过在防火墙内部使用具有专用IP地址的计算机-对于攻击者而言，防火墙的内部一个大黑匣子.
There is a certain element of increased security by not allowing a direct route to every machine inside the firewall, so by having machines with private IP addresses inside the firewall - to an attacker, the inside of the firewall is just a big black box.
您可以通过检查网卡上的设置来找到自己的IP地址.在Windows中， ipconfig 将显示网卡及其IP地址.在Linux系统上， ifconfig 将显示相同类型的信息.
You can find out your own ip address by checking the settings on your network card. In Windows, ipconfig will show the network cards and their IP addresses. On a linux system ifconfig will show the same type of information.
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