如何在bash中将json响应转换为yaml [英] How to convert a json response into yaml in bash

问题描述

我用jq从json文件中读取数据.我想将结果附加到yaml文件中，但无法正常工作.我对Shell编程很陌生.我的目标是将这些用户"附加到yaml文件中的现有用户"-数组中.

I read data from a json file with jq. I wanna append the results into a yaml file, but I dont get it working. I am quite new to shell programming. My goal is to append that "users" to an existing "users"-Array in a yaml file.

这是我的json文件:

This is my json file:

#$DEFAULTS_FILE

{"users":
  [
    {"name":"pi",
      "gecos": "Hypriot Pirate",
      "sudo":"ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL",
      "shell": "/bin/bash",
      "groups":"users,docker,video",
      "plain_text_passwd":"pi",
      "lock_passwd":"false",
      "ssh_pwauth":"true",
      "chpasswd": {"expire": false}
    },
    {"name":"admin",
      "gecos": "Hypriot Pirate",
      "sudo":"ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL",
      "shell": "/bin/bash",
      "primary-group": "users",
      "groups":"users,docker,adm,dialout,audio,plugdev,netdev,video",
      "ssh-import-id":"None",
      "plain_text_passwd":"pi",
      "lock_passwd":"true",
      "ssh_pwauth":"true",
      "chpasswd": "{expire: false}",
      "ssh-authorized-keys": ["ssh-rsa abcdefg1234567890 [e-mail]"]
    }
  ]
  }

我用它过滤它:

cat $DEFAULTS_FILE | jq .users

我不知道如何将json转换为Yaml.

I have no clue how to convert that json into a yaml.

我的预期结果应该是:

users:
  - name:                pi
    gecos:               "Hypriot Pirate"
    sudo:                ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell:               /bin/bash
    groups:              users,docker,video
    plain_text_passwd:   pi
    lock_passwd:         false
    ssh_pwauth:          true
    chpasswd: { expire:  false }
  - name:                admin
    primary-group:       users
    shell:               /bin/bash
    sudo:                ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    groups:              users,docker,adm,dialout,audio,plugdev,netdev,video
    ssh-import-id:       None

我试图使用另一个名为yq的工具，该工具与jq相似，并且可以写入yaml文件.但是我没有积极的进展.

I tried to use a second tool called yq which is similar to jq and can write yaml files. But I have no positive progress.

编辑

我知道我可以通过以下方式向Yaml添加内容:

I know that I can add content to the yaml with that:

yq w -i "my.yml" "users[+]" "some content"

但是我不知道如何将json合并到其中.

But I dont know how to merge my json into that.

任何帮助或提示都将是很好的，在此先感谢您...

Any help or hint would be nice, thank you in advance...

推荐答案

我不确定您要使用什么规则来获得预期的结果.似乎您是随机地将不同的规则应用于如何转换值.

I'm not sure what rules you're using to get to your expected result. It seems like you're randomly applying different rules to how the values are being converted.

据我了解，标量值仅按原样输出(具有潜在编码)，对象作为键/值对输出，而数组对象的每个项目均以-输出.缩进关联什么是什么.

As I understand it, scalar values are just output as is (with potential encoding), objects are output as key/value pairs, and array objects are output with a - for every item. The indentation associates what's part of what.

因此，根据这些规则，如果您要使用jq:

So based on those rules if you're going to use jq:

def yamlify:
    (objects | to_entries[] | (.value | type) as $type |
        if $type == "array" then
            "\(.key):", (.value | yamlify)
        elif $type == "object" then
            "\(.key):", "    \(.value | yamlify)"
        else
            "\(.key):\t\(.value)"
        end
    )
    // (arrays | select(length > 0)[] | [yamlify] |
        "  - \(.[0])", "    \(.[1:][])"
    )
    // .
    ;

然后使用它，将其添加到您的.jq文件并使用:

Then to use it, add it to your .jq file and use it:

$ jq -r yamlify input.json
users:
  - name:       pi
    gecos:      Hypriot Pirate
    sudo:       ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell:      /bin/bash
    groups:     users,docker,video
    plain_text_passwd:  pi
    lock_passwd:        false
    ssh_pwauth: true
    chpasswd:
        expire: false
  - name:       admin
    gecos:      Hypriot Pirate
    sudo:       ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell:      /bin/bash
    primary-group:      users
    groups:     users,docker,adm,dialout,audio,plugdev,netdev,video
    ssh-import-id:      None
    plain_text_passwd:  pi
    lock_passwd:        true
    ssh_pwauth: true
    chpasswd:   {expire: false}
    ssh-authorized-keys:
      - ssh-rsa abcdefg1234567890 [e-mail]

---

这是对齐值的另一个变体

---

Here's another variation that aligns the values

def yamlify2:
    (objects | to_entries | (map(.key | length) | max + 2) as $w |
        .[] | (.value | type) as $type |
        if $type == "array" then
            "\(.key):", (.value | yamlify2)
        elif $type == "object" then
            "\(.key):", "    \(.value | yamlify2)"
        else
            "\(.key):\(" " * (.key | $w - length))\(.value)"
        end
    )
    // (arrays | select(length > 0)[] | [yamlify2] |
        "  - \(.[0])", "    \(.[1:][])"
    )
    // .
    ;

$ jq -r yamlify2 input.json
users:
  - name:               pi
    gecos:              Hypriot Pirate
    sudo:               ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell:              /bin/bash
    groups:             users,docker,video
    plain_text_passwd:  pi
    lock_passwd:        false
    ssh_pwauth:         true
    chpasswd:
        expire:  false
  - name:                 admin
    gecos:                Hypriot Pirate
    sudo:                 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell:                /bin/bash
    primary-group:        users
    groups:               users,docker,adm,dialout,audio,plugdev,netdev,video
    ssh-import-id:        None
    plain_text_passwd:    pi
    lock_passwd:          true
    ssh_pwauth:           true
    chpasswd:             {expire: false}
    ssh-authorized-keys:
      - ssh-rsa abcdefg1234567890 [e-mail]

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