从R或Python运行.jl文件 [英] Running .jl file from R or Python

问题描述

我是Julia的新手.我开发了几行代码，以从无法在Python或R中找到的包中获得所需的结果.现在，我试图使此文件易于访问，并将代码包装在Python或R中.有人做过吗?我尝试了几种方法，但没有发现任何有用的方法.

I am new to Julia. I developed a few lines of code to get the results I needed from packages I was not able to find in Python or R. Now, I am trying to get this file to be easily accessible, and wrap the code in Python or R. Has anyone done this before? I have tried a few methods and have not found anything that has helped.

最简单的方法是几行代码，调用.jl文件，运行该文件(然后将代码从julia添加到.txt文件中)，然后在代码出现时提醒您完成.

The most simple way to do this would be just a few lines of code that calls the .jl file, runs it (which the code is then added to a .txt file from julia), and then alerts you when the code is done.

任何帮助将不胜感激. R是更可取的方法，在这一点上，Python也将受到赞赏.

Any help would be greatly appreciated. R is the preferable method and at this point Python would be appreciated as well.

推荐答案

请在下面找到有关Python，R和一个外部进程(当然，它是可以从任何其他进程运行的可执行命令)的说明.我建议将您的代码放在一个包中，然后以其中一种语言加载它，而不是将其作为外部进程执行.

Please find below instructions for Python, R and just an external process (which of course is an executable command that can be run from any other process). I recommend putting your code in a package and loading it in one of those languages rather than executing this as an external process.

1. 使用Python Anaconda(非内置系统Python)并安装Julia

1. Use Python Anaconda (not in-built system Python) and install Julia

运行Julia并安装PyCall

Run Julia and install PyCall

using Pkg
ENV["PYTHON"]="/path/to/your/python/executable"
pkg"add PyCall"
pkg"build PyCall"

将您的代码放入Julia包

Put your code into a Julia package

using Pkg
Pkg.generate("MyPackage")

在文件夹src中，您将找到MyPackage.jl，对其进行编辑以使其看起来像这样:

In the folder src you will find MyPackage.jl, edit it to look like this:

module MyPackage
function main(x,y)
     #do very complex staff or place it in your_other_file.jl
     2x.+y
end
include("your_other_file.jl")
export main, and_whatever_other_functio_you_defined
end

安装pyjulia

Install pyjulia

python -m pip install julia

(在Linux系统上，您可能希望使用python3而不是python命令)

(On Linux systems you might want to use python3 instead of python command)

对于此步骤，请注意，虽然外部Python可与Julia一起使用.但是，为方便起见，可能值得 考虑使用与Julia一起安装的Python PyCall. 在这种情况下，请使用以下命令进行安装:

For this step note that while an external Python can be used with Julia. However, for a convenience it might be worth to consider using a Python that got installed together with Julia as PyCall. In that case for installation use a command such this one:

%HOMEPATH%\.julia\conda\3\python -m pip install julia

或在Linux

~/.julia/conda/3/python -m pip install julia

请注意，如果定义了JULIA_DEPOT_PATH变量，则可以用其值替换%HOMEPATH%\.julia或~/.julia/.

Note that if you have JULIA_DEPOT_PATH variable defined you can replace %HOMEPATH%\.julia or ~/.julia/ with its value.

运行适当的Python并告诉它配置Python-Julia集成:

Run the appropiate Python and tell it to configure the Python-Julia integration:

import julia
julia.install()

现在您可以调用您的Julia代码了:

Now you are ready to call your Julia code:

>>> from julia import Pkg
>>> Pkg.activate(".\\MyPackage") #use the correct path
    Activating environment at `MyPackage\Project.toml`
>>> from julia import MyPackage
>>> MyPackage.main([1,2],5)
    [7,9]

Gnu R

1. 配置系统PATH变量以指向您的Julia位置.因此，当您在控制台中键入julia时，应启动Julia

1. Configure your system PATH variable to point to your Julia location. Hence when you type julia in the console it should start Julia

运行以下脚本以安装R-Julia集成

Run the script below to install R-Julia integration

install.packages("JuliaCall")

library(JuliaCall)
julia <- julia_setup()

1. 按照上面针对Python的说明进行操作(仅限第3步)，并创建名为MyPackage

运行代码

library(JuliaCall)
julia_eval("using Pkg;Pkg.activate(\"C:/temp/rrr/MyPackage\")")
julia_library("MyPackage")

julia_eval("MyPackage.main(3,5)")

重击(或只是任何一种语言)

1. 按照适用于Python的说明构建软件包(仅限第3步)

1. Build the package following instructions for Python (step 3 only)

配置系统PATH变量

在包目录中运行命令(注意string(:.)是朱利安技巧，我用来避免bash命令中的撇号转义):

Being in the package directory run the command (note string(:.) is a Julian trick that I use to avoid apostrophe escaping in bash commands):

julia -e "using Pkg;Pkg.activate(string(:.));Pkg.instantiate();using MyPackage;MyPackage.main(3,4)"

这将为您的软件包安装所有依赖项.为了跳过安装，请从上述命令中删除Pkg.instantiate().

This will install all dependencies for your package. In order to skip the installation remove Pkg.instantiate() from the above command.

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