朱莉娅:在相对于脚本位置的位置中创建一个新的文件夹和文件 [英] Julia: create a new folder and file in location relative to script location

问题描述

您是否会偶然知道如何在julia脚本中获取julia脚本的路径?

Would you happen to know how to get the path of a julia script, in a julia script?

本质上，我构建了一个名为someCode.jl的julia脚本，它位于名为repository的文件夹中.

In essence, I built a julia script named someCode.jl and it is located in a folder named repository.

运行someCode.jl时，我想在文件夹repository中创建一个名为output的输出文件夹，并将文件a.txt放在文件夹output中.

When I run someCode.jl, I would like to create an output folder named output in the folder repository and put a file a.txt in folder output.

使用绝对路径，它可以很好地工作，但是我希望它对于那些将其置于不同路径的人来说是可运行的，但是我还无法找到正确的语法.

With an absolute path it works fine, but I want it to be runnable for people who put it in a different path, but I have not been able to find the right syntax yet.

pwd()命令返回julia的安装目录，在这种情况下为:"E:\\Users\\a\\AppData\\Local\\Julia-1.1.0"因此，在运行脚本时，我应该确保当前路径已更新为脚本所在的文件夹. ，或获取脚本本身在脚本代码中的位置.这两种方法在朱莉娅·REPL中都还没有成功.

The pwd() command returns the directory in which julia is installed, which in this case is: "E:\\Users\\a\\AppData\\Local\\Julia-1.1.0" Hence I should either make sure the current path gets updated to the folder in which the script is located when I run it, or get the location of the script itself, in the script code. Neither approaches have yet been successful in julia REPL.

这是示例文件someCode.jl，我通过打开Julia REPL并输入以下内容来运行它:include("E:/someCode.jl")

This is the example file someCode.jl, I run it by opening the Julia REPL and entering: include("E:/someCode.jl")

open("c:/repository/output/a.txt", "w") do f
    n1 = "Content of  first line"
    write(f, "$n1")
end

如果存储库或输出文件夹尚不存在，则会引发错误:

If the repository or output folder do not exist yet, it throws error:

ERROR: LoadError: SystemError: opening file "c:/repository/output/a.txt": No such file or directory
Stacktrace:
 [1] #systemerror#43(::Nothing, ::Function, ::String, ::Bool) at .\error.jl:134
 [2] systemerror at .\error.jl:134 [inlined]
 [3] #open#309(::Nothing, ::Nothing, ::Nothing, ::Bool, ::Nothing, ::Function, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:283
 [4] #open at .\none:0 [inlined]
 [5] open(::String, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:339
 [6] #open#310(::Base.Iterators.Pairs{Union{},Union{},Tuple{},NamedTuple{(),Tuple{}}}, ::Function, ::getfield(Main, Symbol("##7#8")), ::String, ::Vararg{String,N} where N) at .\iostream.jl:367
 [7] open(::Function, ::String, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:367
 [8] top-level scope at none:0
 [9] include at .\boot.jl:326 [inlined]
 [10] include_relative(::Module, ::String) at .\loading.jl:1038
 [11] include(::Module, ::String) at .\sysimg.jl:29
 [12] include(::String) at .\client.jl:403
 [13] top-level scope at none:0
in expression starting at E:\someCode.jl:1

因此，我确保文件夹c:/repository/output存在，并在名为'someLocalCode.jl and ran it with include("C:/repository/someLocalCode.jl")`中放置第二个脚本:

So I ensured the folders c:/repository/output exist, put a second script in called 'someLocalCode.jland ran it withinclude("C:/repository/someLocalCode.jl")`:

open("c:/repository/output/a.txt", "w") do f
    n1 = "Content of  first line"
    write(f, "$n1")
end

open("output/b.txt", "w") do f
    n1 = "Content of  first line"
    write(f, "$n1")
end

open("/output/b.txt", "w") do f
    n1 = "Content of  first line"
    write(f, "$n1")
end

#include("C:/repository/test.jl")

单独测试时，output/b.txt和/output/b.txt都产生(本质上)相同的本质:

Both output/b.txt and /output/b.txt yield (in essence) the same essence when tested individually:

ERROR: LoadError: SystemError: opening file "/output/b.txt": No such file or directory
Stacktrace:
 [1] #systemerror#43(::Nothing, ::Function, ::String, ::Bool) at .\error.jl:134
 [2] systemerror at .\error.jl:134 [inlined]
 [3] #open#309(::Nothing, ::Nothing, ::Nothing, ::Bool, ::Nothing, ::Function, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:283
 [4] #open at .\none:0 [inlined]
 [5] open(::String, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:339
 [6] #open#310(::Base.Iterators.Pairs{Union{},Union{},Tuple{},NamedTuple{(),Tuple{}}}, ::Function, ::getfield(Main, Symbol("##15#16")), ::String, ::Vararg{String,N} where N) at .\iostream.jl:367
 [7] open(::Function, ::String, ::String) at .\iostream.jl:367
 [8] top-level scope at none:0
 [9] include at .\boot.jl:326 [inlined]
 [10] include_relative(::Module, ::String) at .\loading.jl:1038
 [11] include(::Module, ::String) at .\sysimg.jl:29
 [12] include(::String) at .\client.jl:403
 [13] top-level scope at none:0
in expression starting at C:\repository\someLocalCode.jl:6

绝对路径确实起作用.

推荐答案

以下是这些选项:

• @__DIR__宏扩展为具有包含宏调用的文件目录的绝对路径的字符串
• @__FILE__宏扩展为带有包含宏调用的文件路径的字符串
• PROGRAM_FILE常量，包含从命令行传递给Julia的脚本名称

• @__DIR__ macro expanding to a string with the absolute path to the directory of the file containing the macrocall
• @__FILE__ macro expanding to a string with the path to the file containing the macrocall
• PROGRAM_FILE constant containing the script name passed to Julia from the command line

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