使用RFC8141匹配URN的正则表达式 [英] Regex which matches URN by rfc8141
问题描述
我正在努力寻找一个正则表达式，该正则表达式可以匹配 rfc8141 中所述的URN.我已经尝试过这个:
I am struggling to find a Regex which could match a URN as described in rfc8141. I have tried this one:
\ A(?i:urn :( ?! urn:)(?&nid> [a-z0-9] [a-z0-9-] {1,31}):(?< nss>(?:[a-z0-9()+，-.:= @; $ _！*'] |％[0-9a-f] {2})+))\ z
但是这只匹配URN的第一部分，没有任何组成部分.
but this one only matches the first part of the URN without the components.
例如，假设我们有相应的URN: urn:example:a123,0％7C00〜& z456/789?+ abc?= xyz#12/3 我们应该匹配以下内容组:
For example lets say we have the corresponding URN: urn:example:a123,0%7C00~&z456/789?+abc?=xyz#12/3 We should match the following groups:
- NID-示例
- NSS-a123,0％7C00〜& z456/789(从最后一个':'tll匹配'?+'或'?='或'#'
- r-component-abc(从'?+'直到'?='或'#'')
- f组件-12/3(从#"到结尾)
推荐答案
我还没有阅读所有规范，因此可能还有其他规则需要实现，但它应该为您提供可选组件的途径:
I haven't read all the specifications, so there may be other rules to implement, but it should put you on the way for the optional components:
\A(?i:urn:(?!urn:)(?<nid>[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{1,31}):(?<nss>(?:[-a-z0-9()+,.:=@;$_!*'&~\/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+)(?:\?\+(?<rcomponent>.*?))?(?:\?=(?<qcomponent>.*?))?(?:#(?<fcomponent>.*?))?)\z
说明:
-
(?< nss>(?:[-a-z0-9()+ ,.:= @; $ _！*'&〜\/] |％[0-9a-f] {2})+):-已移至列表的开头，以允许的字符形式考虑，否则表示范围为，到.".字符&，〜和/(必须用"\"转义)也已添加到列表中，否则与您的示例不符. - 可选组件:
(?:\?\ +(?< rcomponent>.*?))?:位于可选的非捕获组(?:)?以防止捕获标识符(?+，?=和#部分).字符?和+必须用"\"转义.将捕获任何内容(.)，但以惰性模式(*?)，否则找到的第一个组件将捕获所有内容，直到字符串末尾.
(?<nss>(?:[-a-z0-9()+,.:=@;$_!*'&~\/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+): The-has been moved to the beginning of the list to be considered in the allowed chars, or else it means "range from,to.". The characters&,~and/(has to be escaped with "\") have also been added to the list, or else it won't match your example.- optional components:
(?:\?\+(?<rcomponent>.*?))?: inside an optional non-capturing group(?:)?to prevent capturing the identifier (the?+,?=and#part). The chars?and+have to be escaped with "\". Will capture anything (.) but in lazy mode (*?) or else the first component found would capture everything until the end of the string.
请参见 Regex101
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