使用结构图通过依赖注入进行单元测试 [英] Unit test with Dependency Injection using struture map

问题描述

我是MVC和IoC以及其他相关概念的新手.

I am new to MVC and IoC and other related concepts.

我必须为一个旧项目编写单元测试用例.它使用结构图进行依赖注入.我使用的第三方dll公开了一些接口.现在，我必须为控制器类中的方法编写单元测试用例.

I have to write unit test cases for an old project. It uses Structure Map for Dependecy Injection. Third party dlls that I use expose some interfaces. Now I have to write unit test cases for methods in the controller class.

控制器的构造函数如下:

The constructor of controller looks like this:

HomeController(IClientData clientdata)
{
    _clientdata = clientdata;
}
//The clientdata was initialized

在我的测试案例中，如何初始化控制器类和接口，例如 IClientData ?将 IClientData clientdata 传递给构造函数时说:将类型作为var 传递.

In my test case, how do I initialize the controller class and interface like IClientData? Passing IClientData clientdata to constructor says: passing type as var.

如何初始化/模拟 IClientData 中的数据?我不知道该接口是如何在dll中实现的.

How do I initialize/mock the data in IClientData? I don't know how the interface is implemented in the dll.

推荐答案

要在单元测试中使用接口的实现，应使用诸如

For using implementations of interfaces in a unit test, you should use a mocking framework like Moq and you can set up those interfaces to return the default values that satisfy your testing requirements. In this case, you would create a Mock to set up the values you would expect to see in this particular expected use case and then pass that into your controller.

var mockClientData = new Mock<IClientData>();

mockClientData.SetupGet(data => data.MyProperty).Returns(3);
// mockClientData.Object.MyProperty now returns 3

mockClientData.Setup(data => data.MyMethod()).Returns(42);
// mockClientData.Object.MyMethod() now returns 42
// any other setup that you need done goes here

var controller = new HomeController(mockClientData.Object);

// the rest of your test as normal

需要特别注意的是，您不应该在单元测试中依赖于依赖项的实现，因为那样您就不再在测试代码单元了，而是在编写集成测试.

It's important to note that you shouldn't rely on an implementation of a dependency in a unit test, because then you are no longer testing a unit of code - you are writing an integration test.

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