matplotlib条形图中极限处的误差线 [英] error bars at the limits in matplotlib barchart

问题描述

我正在尝试使误差线显示在置信区间的极限处，而不是在中心.

I'm trying to get the errorbars to show at the confidence interval's limits, and not in the center.

这是我想要的:

但是我得到的是:

要绘制条形图，我使用了它:

To plot the bar chart I used this:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

np.random.seed(12345)

df = pd.DataFrame([np.random.normal(32000,200000,3650), 
                   np.random.normal(43000,100000,3650), 
                   np.random.normal(43500,140000,3650), 
                   np.random.normal(48000,70000,3650)], 
                  index=[1992,1993,1994,1995])
df1 = df.T
df1.columns = ['1992', '1993','1994','1995']
a = df1.describe()
means = a.loc['mean'].values.tolist()
stdevs = a.loc['std'].values.tolist()
counts = a.loc['count'].values.tolist()
index = np.arange(len(df1.columns))

CI = []
for i in range(len(means)):
    CIval = 1.96*stdevs[i]/(counts[i]**(0.5))
    CI.append(CIval)

#print(means, CI)

plt.figure()
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10,10))
ax.set_xticks(index)
ax.set_xticklabels(df1.columns)

plt.bar(index, means, xerr = 0.1, yerr=CI)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

推荐答案

错误栏按预期显示.您已将x误差设置为0.1值，但是在预期结果图像中，没有x误差栏，因此我们可以将其删除.其次，我们可以增加错误栏的 capsize ，以便在调用 plt.bar()时使用 capsize = 可以真正看到它们.代码>:

The error bars are showing as expected. You have set a 0.1 value for the x error, however in your expected result image, there is no x errorbar so we can remove that. Secondly, we can increase the capsize of your error bars so that they are actually visible by using the capsize= in the call to plt.bar():

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

np.random.seed(12345)

df = pd.DataFrame([np.random.normal(32000,200000,3650),
                   np.random.normal(43000,100000,3650),
                   np.random.normal(43500,140000,3650),
                   np.random.normal(48000,70000,3650)],
                  index=[1992,1993,1994,1995])
df1 = df.T
df1.columns = ['1992', '1993','1994','1995']
a = df1.describe()
means = a.loc['mean'].values.tolist()
stdevs = a.loc['std'].values.tolist()
counts = a.loc['count'].values.tolist()
index = np.arange(len(df1.columns))

CI = []
for i in range(len(means)):
    CIval = 1.96*stdevs[i]/(counts[i]**(0.5))
    CI.append(CIval)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10,10))
ax.set_xticks(index)
ax.set_xticklabels(df1.columns)

plt.bar(index, means, yerr=CI, capsize=10)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

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