如何在由用来表示文字的字符类型参数化的模板中表达字符串文字? [英] How to express a string literal within a template parameterized by the type of the characters used to represent the literal?

问题描述

请考虑以下简单地图:

class MyCoolMap : public unordered_map<const char *, const char *>
{
public:
  ProtoTypeMap()
  {
    insert(value_type("in1", "out1"));
    insert(value_type("in2", "out2"));
    ...
    insert(value_type("inN", "outN"));
  }
};

现在，假设我需要使此映射可用于 char 和 wchar_t 字符串.因此，我将其重写如下:

Now, suppose I need to make this map available both for char and wchar_t strings. So, I rewrite it as follows:

template<class C>
class MyCoolMap : public unordered_map<const C *, const C *>
{
public:
  MyCoolMap()
  {
    insert(value_type("in1", "out1"));
    insert(value_type("in2", "out2"));
    ...
    insert(value_type("inN", "outN"));
  }
};

当然，这不适用于 C = wchar_t .问题是我不知道如何模板化 char 文字和 wchar_t 文字之间的差异.现在，我看到两个解决方案，都很难看.

And, of course, this does not work for C=wchar_t. The problem is that I do not know how to template the difference between char literals and wchar_t literals. Right now I see two solutions, both ugly.

解决方案1 ​​-通过 wchar_t 专门化 MyCoolMap :

template<>
class MyCoolMap<wchar_t> : public unordered_map<const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *>
{
public:
  MyCoolMap()
  {
    insert(value_type(L"in1", L"out1"));
    insert(value_type(L"in2", L"out2"));
    ...
    insert(value_type(L"inN", L"outN"));
  }
};

这很糟糕，因为整个逻辑都是重复的.

This is bad, because the whole logic is duplicated.

解决方案2 -解决方案之类的特征:

Solution 2 - a traits like solution:

#define _TOWSTRING(x) L##x
#define TOWSTRING(x) _TOWSTRING(x)

template <class C, int> struct special_string;
#define DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(STR) \
const int ss_##STR = __LINE__; \
template<> struct special_string<char, ss_##STR> { static const char *get_value() { return #STR; } }; \
template<> struct special_string<wchar_t, ss_##STR> { static const wchar_t *get_value() { return TOWSTRING(#STR); } };

DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(in1)
DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(out1)
DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(in2)
DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(out2)
...
DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(inN)
DECL_SPECIAL_STRING(outN)

template<class C>
class MyCoolMap : public unordered_map<const C *, const C *>
{
public:
  MyCoolMap()
  {
#define INSERT_MAPPING(in, out) insert(value_type(special_string<C, ss_##in>::get_value(), special_string<C, ss_##out>::get_value()))
    INSERT_MAPPING(in1, out1);
    INSERT_MAPPING(in2, out2);
    ...
    INSERT_MAPPING(inN, outN);
#undef INSERT_MAPPING
  }
};

这样，我不需要复制逻辑，但这太冗长，并且严重依赖于宏.

This way I do not need to replicate the logic, but this is so verbose and relies heavily on macros.

必须有更好的方法；我只是看不到.

There must be a better way; I just do not see it.

我正在使用VS2010.

I am using VS2010.

编辑

我很高兴提出了一个更简单的解决方案-功劳归于 https://stackoverflow.com/users/5987/mark-ransom .不过，我必须进行一些小的修补才能使它编译:

I am glad that a much simpler solution is proposed - the credits go to https://stackoverflow.com/users/5987/mark-ransom. I had to make minor fixes to make it compile, though:

#define _TOWSTRING(x) L##x
#define TOWSTRING(x) _TOWSTRING(x)

template<typename C> const C * ChooseCW(const char * c, const wchar_t * w);
template<> const char * ChooseCW<char>(const char * c, const wchar_t * w)
{
  return c;
}
template<> const wchar_t *ChooseCW<wchar_t>(const char * c, const wchar_t * w)
{
  return w;
}

#define CW(C, STR) ChooseCW<C>(#STR, TOWSTRING(#STR))

再次感谢.

推荐答案

使用宏生成字符串的两种形式，并使用模板函数选择要使用的形式.

Use a macro to generate both forms of the string, and a template function to choose which to use.

template<typename C>
const C * ChooseCW(const char * c, const wchar_t * w);

template<>
const char * ChooseCW<char>(const char * c, const wchar_t * w)
{
    return c;
}

template<>
const wchar_t * ChooseCW<wchar_t>(const char * c, const wchar_t * w)
{
    return w;
}

#define CW(C, STR) ChooseCW<C>(STR, L##STR)

insert(value_type(CW(C, "in1"), CW(C, "out1")));

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