char []和C中的字符串之间的区别 [英] Difference between char[] and strings in C

问题描述

C编程语言通过以下方式使用引号将字符常量与字符串常量区分开:

The C programming language distinguishes character constants from string constants by using quotation marks in the following manner:

'c'是字符c，而"c" 是长度为1的字符串，由单个字符c组成.

'c' is the character c, while "c" is a string of length 1 consisting of the single character c.

为什么要区分?有什么用?这与C ++有何不同?

Why is this distinction made? How is it useful? How is this different from C++?

推荐答案

C 是[相对]低级别的静态类型编程语言.

C is [relatively] low-level statically typed programming language.

char c = 'c';
const char* s = "s";

以上语句不仅在字面常量的值(c:单字节存储； s:两个字节存储+ 4/8字节指针)上有所不同，而且在变量类型上(c:单字节，某些算术运算； s:4/8字节指针，不同的算术.)

The statements above differ not only in the value of the literal constant (c: single byte storage; s: two bytes storage + 4/8 byte pointer), but also in the type of variables (c: single byte, certain arithmetic ops; s: 4/8 byte pointer, different arithmetic).

我向你提出，后者的差异更为重要；使用文字常量可以更轻松地使用变量，函数参数，结构成员等.

I posit to you that the latter difference is more important; Literal constants are there to make use of variables, function arguments, struct members, etc easier.

此外，C语言中解决的典型问题具有低级性质，您可能会对单个字符和字符串之间的逻辑差异感兴趣.例如gpio，串行端口，子字符串搜索算法.

Furthermore, the typical problems solved in C are of low-level nature where you are interested in logical difference between single character and a string. For example gpio, serial port, substring search algorithm.

[当然，C也用于其他领域，在 glib 或 enlightenment 之类的更高级别的项目中，您不太可能看到太多的字符与字符串区别.]

[Of course C is also used in other domains, you are not likely to see much character vs string distinction in higher-level projects like glib or enlightenment.]

Python 是一种高级动态语言.

Python is a high-level dynamic language.

c = 'c'
s = "s"

在以上本地/标签 c 和 s 语句中，它们指向对象，并且类型是在运行时动态确定的.因此，根本不需要区分字符"和字符串".

In the statements above locals/labels c and s point to objects and type is determined at runtime, dynamically. Thus a distinction between a "character" and "string" is simply not needed.

用Python解决的问题通常要高得多，通常您需要处理JSON Blob，HTTP请求，数据库查询，虚拟机等；即使您需要处理单个字符，也可以使用length-1字符串作为近似值.

Problems solved in Python are usually of much higher level, typically you'd deal with JSON blobs, HTTP requests, database queries, virtual machines, etc; Even if you need to deal with single characters, length-1 string is an acceptable approximation.

[如果使用 numpy 或 cffi ，则您将担心字符和字符串的存储，而那些模块提供了这样做的机制.]

[If you used numpy or cffi, you would worry about storage of characters and strings and those modules provide mechanism to do so.]

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