如果它的键可以有多个值，如何从dict中获取值 [英] How to get value from dict if its key can have several values

问题描述

我有一个字典，其凭据如下所示:

I have a dict with credentials like the following:

secret = {"password": "jdksal",
          "user": "fjdklas",
          "schema": "jfdaskl"}

我想为密码，用户和架构创建一个变量.但是，秘密dict的每个键都可以具有其他值，因此我将列出命名元素的可能方法，如下所示:

I want to create a variable for password, user and schema. However, the secret dict can have other values for each key, so that I would have a list of possibles ways of naming the elements, like the following:

pass_words = ['password', 'pass', 'contraseña']

因此，当字典中存在 pass_words 列表中的任何键时，将创建可变密码.字典中仅会出现pass_words中的一个单词.与用户，架构等相同.到目前为止，我有以下代码:

Thus, the variable password would be created when any key of the list pass_words exists in the dictionary. Only one word from pass_words would be present in the dict. Same with user, schema etc. So far I have this code:

for word in pass_words:
    if word in secret:
        password = secret[word]

user_words = ['user', 'username', 'login', 'name']
for word in user_words:
     if word in secret:
         user = secret[word]

它可以工作，但是非常冗长.有没有那么冗长的方法呢?谢谢

It works, but its very verbose. Is there any less verbose way to do it? Thanks

推荐答案

如您所写，如果 pass_word之间有多个重叠，则 password 将获得最后一个匹配项和 secret .我不知道那是你的意图.

As you have written it, password will get the last match if there is more than one overlap between pass_word and secret. I don't know is that is your intent.

如果只有一个重叠，则可以使用set操作:

You could use set operations if there is only one overlap:

>>> secret.keys() & pass_words
{'password'}
>>> secret.keys() & user_words
{'user'}

然后获取与该键关联的值:

Then to get the value associated with that key:

>>> secret[(secret.keys() & pass_words).pop()]
jdksal
>>> secret[(secret.keys() & user_words).pop()]
fjdklas

对于没有字典集合视图的旧Python，只需对每个集合应用 set 即可得到相同的结果:

For older Pythons that don't have dict set views, just apply set to each for the same result:

>>> set(secret.keys()) & set(user_words)
{'user'}

---

使用Python 3.6+，您可以执行以下操作:

---

With Python 3.6+, you can do:

password, user={k:v for k,v in secret.items() if k in pass_words+user_words}.values()

这篇关于如果它的键可以有多个值，如何从dict中获取值的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！