如何执行带有未知参数的系统命令? [英] How to execute system command with unknown arguments?

问题描述

我有一堆系统命令，它们类似于将新内容附加到文件中.我编写了一个简单的脚本来执行系统命令，如果有单个单词，如"ls"，"date"等，它会很好地工作.但是如果命令大于此范围，程序就会死掉.

以下是代码

 程序包主要进口 ("fmt""os/exec"同步")func exe_cmd(cmd string，wg * sync.WaitGroup){fmt.Println(cmd)c = cmd.Str出，错误:= exec.Command(cmd).Output()如果err！= nil {fmt.Println(发生错误")fmt.Printf(％s"，err)}fmt.Printf(％s"，输出)wg.Done()}func main(){wg:= new(sync.WaitGroup)wg.Add(3)x:= [] string {''"echo newline>>foo.o"，"echo newline>>f1.o"，"echo newline>>f2.o"}去exe_cmd(x [0]，wg)去exe_cmd(x [1]，wg)去exe_cmd(x [2]，wg)wg.Wait()} 

以下是我看到的错误

  exec:" echo newline>>foo.o":在$ PATHexec中找不到可执行文件:" echo newline>>f2.o":在$ PATHexec中找不到可执行文件:" echo newline>>f1.o":在$ PATH中找不到可执行文件 

我想，这可能是由于未单独发送cmd和参数( http://golang.org/pkg/os/exec/#Command ).我想知道如何颠覆这一点，因为我不知道命令中将要执行多少个参数.

解决方案

我找到了一种相对不错的方法来实现相同目的.

  out，err:= exec.Command("sh"，-c"，cmd).Output() 

直到现在为我工作.仍在寻找更好的方法来实现这一目标.

Edit1:

最后一个简单，高效(到目前为止)的方法就是这样

  func exeCmd(cmd string，wg * sync.WaitGroup){fmt.Println(命令为"，cmd)//劈头=>g ++部分=>命令的其余部分零件:= strings.Fields(cmd)头:=零件[0]零件=零件[1:len(parts)]出，错误:= exec.Command(head，parts ...).Output()如果err！= nil {fmt.Printf(％s"，err)}fmt.Printf(％s"，输出)wg.Done()//需要发信号给waitgroup这个goroutine已经完成} 

感谢go中各种各样的争论，还有向我指出的人:)

I have a bunch of systems commands which are somwhat similar to appending new content to a file. I wrote a simple script to execute system commands, which works well if there are single words like 'ls' , 'date' etc. But if the command is greater than that, program dies.

The following is the code

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os/exec"
    "sync"
)

func exe_cmd(cmd string, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
    fmt.Println(cmd)
    c = cmd.Str
    out, err := exec.Command(cmd).Output()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("error occured")
        fmt.Printf("%s", err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%s", out)
    wg.Done()
}

func main() {
    wg := new(sync.WaitGroup)
    wg.Add(3)

    x := []string{"echo newline >> foo.o", "echo newline >> f1.o", "echo newline >> f2.o"}
    go exe_cmd(x[0], wg)
    go exe_cmd(x[1], wg)
    go exe_cmd(x[2], wg)

    wg.Wait()
}

The following is the error i see

exec: "echo newline >> foo.o": executable file not found in $PATHexec: 
"echo newline >> f2.o": executable file not found in $PATHexec: 
"echo newline >> f1.o": executable file not found in $PATH 

I guess, this may be due to, not sending cmds and arguments seperately ( http://golang.org/pkg/os/exec/#Command ). I am wondering how to subvert this, since I don't know how many arguments will be there in my command which needs to be executed.

解决方案

I found a relatively decent way to achieve the same .

out, err := exec.Command("sh","-c",cmd).Output()

Works for me until now. Still finding better ways to achieve the same.

Edit1:

Finally a easier and efficient (atleast so far) way to do would be like this

func exeCmd(cmd string, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  fmt.Println("command is ",cmd)
  // splitting head => g++ parts => rest of the command
  parts := strings.Fields(cmd)
  head := parts[0]
  parts = parts[1:len(parts)]

  out, err := exec.Command(head,parts...).Output()
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Printf("%s", err)
  }
  fmt.Printf("%s", out)
  wg.Done() // Need to signal to waitgroup that this goroutine is done
}

Thanks to variadic arguments in go and people that pointed that out to me :)

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