在Xcode 10中构建时，重置应用后String.hashValue不唯一 [英] String.hashValue not unique after reset app when build in Xcode 10

问题描述

我有一个通过 String.hashValue 获取字符串的哈希"的代码，我在下面添加了它.该代码在Xcode 9.4.1中效果很好.

I have a "get hash of string by String.hashValue" code, that I added it below. This code worked well in Xcode 9.4.1.

运作良好意味着，每当我关闭应用程序并重新打开它时， hashValue 的结果都是相同的(唯一的)

Worked well means that whenever I close app and re-open it, the result of hashValue is same (unique)

private func cacheName(of url: String) -> String {
    // The url is url of a png image, for example www.imageurl.com/image.png
    return "\(url.hashValue)"
}

当我在Xcode 10中构建项目时，每次重新启动应用程序(关闭并再次打开应用程序)时，结果都会更改.iOS版本，设备版本，Swift版本相同.所以我认为问题是Xcode 10改变了一些影响 hashValue 的东西(可能在构建应用程序??时进行配置)

When I build my Project in Xcode 10 the result changes everytime I restart the app (close and open app again). The version of iOS, device, Swift version is same. So I think the problem is Xcode 10 has change something that effect to the hashValue (maybe configure when build app ??)

如果我使用 String.hash 代替，则效果很好.但是在以前的版本中，我保存了 hashValue 结果，所以我不想更改它.

If I use the String.hash instead of, it works well. But in the previous version, I saved the hashValue result, so I don't want to change it.

如何始终保持 String.hashValue 的结果唯一.否则任何建议将不胜感激

How can I keep the result of String.hashValue unique in every time. Or any suggestion would be appreciated

推荐答案

Swift 4.2已实现此处.

Swift 4.2 has implemented SE-0206: Hashable Enhancements. This introduces a new Hasher struct that provides a randomly seeded hash function. That's why the hashing results differ everytime (since the seed is random). You can find the implementation of the Hasher struct, with the generation of a random seed, here.

如果您想要一个与String关联的稳定哈希值，跨设备和应用启动，则可以使用此解决方案通过 Warren Stringer :

If you want a stable hash value associated to a String, accross devices and app lauches, you could use this solution by Warren Stringer:

let str = "Hello"

func strHash(_ str: String) -> UInt64 {
    var result = UInt64 (5381)
    let buf = [UInt8](str.utf8)
    for b in buf {
        result = 127 * (result & 0x00ffffffffffffff) + UInt64(b)
    }
    return result
}

strHash(str)     //177798404835661

或者在字符串上定义这几个扩展名:

Or have these couple of extensions defined on String:

extension String {
    var djb2hash: Int {
        let unicodeScalars = self.unicodeScalars.map { $0.value }
        return unicodeScalars.reduce(5381) {
            ($0 << 5) &+ $0 &+ Int($1)
        }
    }

    var sdbmhash: Int {
        let unicodeScalars = self.unicodeScalars.map { $0.value }
        return unicodeScalars.reduce(0) {
            (Int($1) &+ ($0 << 6) &+ ($0 << 16)).addingReportingOverflow(-$0).partialValue
        }
    }
}

"Hello".djb2hash    //210676686969
"Hello".sdbmhash    //5142962386210502930

(这是在Xcode 10，Swift 4.2上执行的)

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