如何在python中平滑图形中的线条? [英] How to smooth lines in a figure in python?

问题描述

因此，使用下面的代码，我可以绘制3条线的图形，但是它们是有角度的.有可能使线条平滑吗?

So with the code below I can plot a figure with 3 lines, but they are angular. Is it possible to smooth the lines?

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd

# Dataframe consist of 3 columns
df['year'] = ['2005, 2005, 2005, 2015, 2015, 2015, 2030, 2030, 2030']
df['name'] = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C']
df['weight'] = [80, 65, 88, 65, 60, 70, 60, 55, 65]
fig,ax = plt.subplots()

# plot figure to see how the weight develops through the years
for name in ['A','B','C']:
    ax.plot(df[df.name==name].year,df[df.name==name].weight,label=name)

ax.set_xlabel("year")
ax.set_ylabel("weight")
ax.legend(loc='best')

推荐答案

您应该对数据应用插值，并且插值不应该是线性的".在这里，我使用scipy的 interp1d 进行了三次"插值.另外，请注意，使用三次插值时，您的数据应至少包含4个点.因此，我又增加了2031年和另一个权重值(我从权重的最后一个值中减去1得到了新的权重值):

You should apply interpolation on your data and it shouldn't be "linear". Here I applied the "cubic" interpolation using scipy's interp1d. Also, note that for using cubic interpolation your data should have at least 4 points. So I added another year 2031 and another value too all weights (I got the new weight value by subtracting 1 from the last value of weights):

这是代码:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
import numpy as np

# df['year'] = ['2005, 2005, 2005, 2015, 2015, 2015, 2030, 2030, 2030']
# df['name'] = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'A', 'B', 'C']
# df['weight'] = [80, 65, 88, 65, 60, 70, 60, 55, 65]

df1 = pd.DataFrame()
df1['Weight_A'] = [80, 65,  60 ,59]
df1['Weight_B'] = [65, 60,  55 ,54]
df1['Weight_C'] = [88, 70,  65 ,64]
df1.index = [2005,2015,2030,2031]


ax = df1.plot.line()
ax.set_title('Before interpolation')
ax.set_xlabel("year")
ax.set_ylabel("weight")

f1 = interp1d(df1.index, df1['Weight_A'],kind='cubic')
f2 = interp1d(df1.index, df1['Weight_B'],kind='cubic')
f3 = interp1d(df1.index, df1['Weight_C'],kind='cubic')

df2 = pd.DataFrame()
new_index = np.arange(2005,2031)
df2['Weight_A'] = f1(new_index)
df2['Weight_B'] = f2(new_index)
df2['Weight_C'] = f3(new_index)
df2.index = new_index

ax2 = df2.plot.line()
ax2.set_title('After interpolation')
ax2.set_xlabel("year")
ax2.set_ylabel("weight")


plt.show()

结果:

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