如何从我的Mac应用程序中访问终端的$ PATH变量，它似乎使用了不同的$ PATH [英] How to access the Terminal's $PATH variable from within my mac app, it seems to uses a different $PATH

问题描述

我正在尝试制作一个 mac 应用程序，用户可以在其中输入命令，就像他们在 mac 终端中一样，我得到了大部分工作，但是我发现应用程序的 $PATH 变量是从查找程序运行的，或者xcode与终端使用的$ PATH变量不同.

I'm trying to make a mac app where the user can type in commands just like they would in the mac terminal, I got most of it working however I found out that the $PATH variable of apps run from the finder or xcode is different than the $PATH variable the Terminal uses.

我可以运行命令，还找到了一种向应用程序的$ PATH变量添加预定义路径的方法，但是我需要一种自动读取终端的$ PATH变量并将其复制到应用程序的$ PATH变量的方法.这应该是自动化的，因为用户在变量内将拥有不同的路径.

I can run commands and also found a way to add a predefined path to the application's $PATH variable but I need a way to automatically read the Terminal's $PATH variable and copy it to the Application's $PATH variable. This should be automated as users will have different path's inside their variable.

我还发现，当我使用"open appname.app"从终端运行应用程序时，将使用正确的$ PATH变量(终端使用的变量相同)

I also found out that when I run the application from the terminal with "open appname.app" the correct $PATH variable is used (the same one the terminal uses)

到目前为止，这是我的代码:

This is my code so far:

    let task = Process()
    var env = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment
    var path = env["PATH"]! as String
    path = "/usr/local/bin:" + path
    env["PATH"] = path
    task.environment = env
    task.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env"
    task.arguments = ["echo","$PATH"]
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    let data = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let output: String = NSString(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) as! String
    print(output)

这会将"/usr/local/bin"添加到应用程序的$ PATH中，但是我需要一种从终端的$ PATH复制值的方法.

This will add "/usr/local/bin" to the Application's $PATH but I need a way to copy the values from the Terminal's $PATH.

谢谢！

推荐答案

添加bash Shell路径

默认的shell路径可以在/etc/paths 和/etc/path.d/中找到.读取外壳程序路径的一种方法是使用 path_helper 命令.扩展上面的代码示例并使用 bash 作为 shell:

Adding bash Shell Path

The default shell paths can be found in /etc/paths and /etc/path.d/. One way to read the shell paths is to use the path_helper command. Extending the code example above and using bash as the shell:

let taskShell = Process()
var envShell = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment
taskShell.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env"
taskShell.arguments = ["/bin/bash","-c","eval $(/usr/libexec/path_helper -s) ; echo $PATH"]
let pipeShell = Pipe()
taskShell.standardOutput = pipeShell
taskShell.standardError = pipeShell
taskShell.launch()
taskShell.waitUntilExit()
let dataShell = pipeShell.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
var outputShell: String = NSString(data: dataShell, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) as! String
outputShell = outputShell.replacingOccurrences(of: "\n", with: "", options: .literal, range: nil)
print(outputShell)

let task = Process()
var env = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment
var path = env["PATH"]! as String
path = outputShell + ":" + path
env["PATH"] = path
task.environment = env
task.launchPath = "/usr/bin/env"
task.arguments = ["/bin/bash", "-c", "echo $PATH"]
let pipe = Pipe()
task.standardOutput = pipe
task.standardError = pipe
task.launch()
task.waitUntilExit()
let data = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
var output: String = NSString(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) as! String
output = output.replacingOccurrences(of: "\n", with: "", options: .literal, range: nil)
print(output)

注意:

1. 此代码示例以非交互方式调用Shell.这意味着它将不会执行任何用户特定的配置文件；例如/Users/* userid */.bash_profile .
2. 可以在 PATH 环境变量中多次列出路径.它们将从左到右遍历.

1. This code example calls the shell in non-interactive mode. This means that it won't execute any user specific profiles; such as /Users/*userid*/.bash_profile.
2. The paths can be listed multiple times in the PATH environment variable. They will be traversed from left to right.

参考文献

在OS X的应用程序和Shell PATH上有几个线程，它们提供了更多的上下文如何在OS X小牛和在特立独行者中设置系统范围路径环境变量

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