结合PyQt和Matplotlib [英] Combining PyQt and Matplotlib
本文介绍了结合PyQt和Matplotlib的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我想合并由QtDesigner生成的Ui.我想将它与 myplotlib 合并，以便所有内容都在一个窗口中.当我运行以下代码时，我得到一个错误:
I want to combine my Ui generated by QtDesigner. I want to merge it with myplotlib so that everything is in one window. When i run the following code i get an error:
"QWidget::setLayout: Attempting to set QLayout "" on Ui_MainWindow "", which already has a layout
我知道我应该将画布布局与某些内容相关联，但我不知道该用什么.我希望你能在这里帮助我:
I know that i should connect my canvas layout with something but i dont know with what. I hope you can help me out here:
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
try:
_fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
def _fromUtf8(s):
return s
try:
_encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
def _translate(context, text, disambig):
return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
def _translate(context, text, disambig):
return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)
class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent = None):
super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
# a figure instance to plot on
self.figure = plt.figure()
# this is the Canvas Widget that displays the `figure`
# it takes the `figure` instance as a parameter to __init__
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
# this is the Navigation widget
# it takes the Canvas widget and a parent
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
# Just some button connected to `plot` method
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
#self.button.clicked.connect(lambda: self.plot(data['time'], data['value']))
#self.button.clicked.connect(self.plot)
self.lineEditMomentum1 = QtGui.QLineEdit()
self.lineEditMomentum1.setMaximumSize(200, 30)
# set the layout
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.toolbar)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
layout.addWidget(self.lineEditMomentum1)
self.setLayout(layout)
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
MainWindow.resize(800, 600)
self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget"))
self.lineEdit = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 390, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit"))
self.lineEdit_2 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 420, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_2"))
self.lineEdit_3 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 450, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_3"))
self.lineEdit_4 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 480, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_4.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_4"))
self.lineEdit_5 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 510, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_5.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_5"))
self.lineEdit_6 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 540, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_6.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_6"))
self.lineEdit_7 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 430, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_7.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_7"))
self.lineEdit_8 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 460, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_8.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_8"))
self.lineEdit_9 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 490, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_9.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_9"))
self.lineEdit_10 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.lineEdit_10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(650, 520, 113, 20))
self.lineEdit_10.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("lineEdit_10"))
self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 390, 61, 16))
self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label"))
self.label_2 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 420, 61, 16))
self.label_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_2"))
self.label_3 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 450, 71, 16))
self.label_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_3"))
self.label_4 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 480, 81, 16))
self.label_4.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_4"))
self.label_5 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 510, 111, 20))
self.label_5.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_5"))
self.label_6 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 540, 111, 16))
self.label_6.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_6"))
self.label_7 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(585, 430, 51, 20))
self.label_7.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_7"))
self.label_8 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(585, 460, 51, 20))
self.label_8.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_8"))
self.label_9 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_9.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(630, 400, 131, 16))
self.label_9.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_9"))
self.label_10 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_10.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(600, 490, 31, 16))
self.label_10.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_10"))
self.label_11 = QtGui.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_11.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(580, 520, 71, 16))
self.label_11.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label_11"))
self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(300, 370, 251, 91))
palette = QtGui.QPalette()
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 127, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(63, 63, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 170))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(37, 88, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 127, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.NoRole, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Active, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 127, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(63, 63, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 170))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(37, 88, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 127, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.NoRole, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Inactive, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.WindowText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Button, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(127, 127, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Light, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(63, 63, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Midlight, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Dark, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 170))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Mid, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Text, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.BrightText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 127))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ButtonText, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Base, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Window, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.Shadow, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.AlternateBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 0, 255))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.NoRole, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 255, 220))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipBase, brush)
brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0))
brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Disabled, QtGui.QPalette.ToolTipText, brush)
self.pushButton.setPalette(palette)
self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton"))
self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(300, 460, 251, 91))
self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2"))
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.menubar = QtGui.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 21))
self.menubar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("menubar"))
MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
self.statusbar = QtGui.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("statusbar"))
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None))
self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Momentum 1", None))
self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Momentum 2", None))
self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Friction ratio 1", None))
self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Friction ratio 2", None))
self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Number of teeth, N1", None))
self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Number of teeth, N2", None))
self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Initial time", None))
self.label_8.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Final time", None))
self.label_9.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Differential parameters", None))
self.label_10.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Step", None))
self.label_11.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Initial angle", None))
self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Plot", None))
self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Set Default Values", None))
推荐答案
在我回答您的问题之前，请允许我提供一些关于如何提出更好问题的提示.您不会得到很多答复，因为您的代码示例太大，并且因为我们不能只复制粘贴执行它并自己重现问题.
Please allow me to give a few tips on how to ask better questions before I answer your question. You're not getting many replies because your code example is too large and because we cannot just copy-paste-execute it and reproduce the problem ourselves.
下次制作一个仍然重现问题的最小但完整的代码片段(另请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve).如有可能，请使其运行，而无需自己进行任何修改.这样你会得到更多的帮助.
Next time make a minimal but complete code snippet that still reproduces the issue (see also https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve). If possible, make it so that we can run it without having to make any modifications ourselves. You will get a lot more help that way.
首先制作一个程序副本，然后删除所有不会导致该错误的功能，直到您只剩下一个最小的示例为止.这样，您很有可能自己找到解决方案.如果没有，一个小例子可以让我们更多地关注这个问题，而不必费力地浏览数百行代码(例如你的例子中的 setupUi() 函数，它甚至没有被执行).
Start by making a copy of your program and remove all functions that do not contribute to the error until you have a minimal example left. By doing so there is a large chance that you will find the solution yourself. If not, a small example allows us to focus more on the issue without having to wade through hundreds of lines of code (such as the setupUi() function in your example, which isn't even executed).
仍然会产生错误的最小独立程序是:
A minimal stand-alone program that still produces your error is:
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent = None):
super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
self.setLayout(layout)
if __name__ == "__main__":
qApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
main_window = Ui_MainWindow()
main_window.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
如您所见，它与在PyQt中集成matplotlib无关.问题是 QMainWindow 必须有一个中央小部件，作为所有子小部件的容器.这个中央小部件有自己的布局，QMainWindow 的布局用于工具栏和停靠小部件(参见
As you can see it is unrelated to integrating matplotlib in PyQt. The problem is that QMainWindow must have a central widget which acts as a container for all your child widgets. This central widget has its own layout, the layout of the QMainWindowis for toolbars and dock widgets (see the illustration in http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qmainwindow.html). Note that you should add toolbars with the addToolbar() method.
因此，解决错误的方法是:
The fix to your error is thus:
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent = None):
super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
self.main_widget.setLayout(layout)
# The main_widget is a container to which you
# can add your child widgets here...
if __name__ == "__main__":
qApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
main_window = Ui_MainWindow()
main_window.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
现在，您的代码示例包含另一个错误，@tcaswell 提供了答案.如果将修补程序构建到程序中，则会看到图形画布将最终显示在其自己的单独窗口中.
Now, your code example contains another error, which is the one that @tcaswell provided an answer for. If you build the fix into your program you will see that the figure canvas will end up in its own, separate window.
同样，一个最小的例子是:
Again, a minimal-ish example is:
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import \
FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import \
NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent = None):
super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.figure = plt.figure()
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
# use addToolbar to add toolbars to the main window directly!
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
self.addToolBar(self.toolbar)
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
self.lineEditMomentum1 = QtGui.QLineEdit()
self.lineEditMomentum1.setMaximumSize(200, 30)
self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
layout.addWidget(self.lineEditMomentum1)
self.main_widget.setLayout(layout)
if __name__ == "__main__":
qApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
main_window = Ui_MainWindow()
main_window.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
在 PyQt 中结合 matplotlib 时，完全不要使用 pyplot 模块的类似 matlab 的接口.直接使用 matplotlib 类.
When combining matplotlib in PyQt, don't use the matlab-like interface of the pyplot module at all. Use the matplotlib classes directly.
在 Figure()中更改 plt.figure()，如下所示:
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg \
import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg \
import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class Ui_MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent = None):
super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.figure = Figure() # don't use matplotlib.pyplot at all!
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
# use addToolbar to add toolbars to the main window directly!
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
self.addToolBar(self.toolbar)
self.button = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
self.lineEditMomentum1 = QtGui.QLineEdit()
self.lineEditMomentum1.setMaximumSize(200, 30)
self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
layout.addWidget(self.lineEditMomentum1)
self.main_widget.setLayout(layout)
if __name__ == "__main__":
qApp = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
main_window = Ui_MainWindow()
main_window.show()
sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
最后，您可能会考虑在不使用Qt Designer的情况下创建程序.通过从头开始构建它们，您将获得很多见识，您的代码将更具可读性，并且可以更轻松地编写出最小的问题示例.我认为输入小部件语句所需的额外时间会得到回报.
Finally, you might consider to create your programs without using the Qt Designer. You will gain a lot of insight by building them from scratch, your code will be more readable and it will be easier to make minimal working examples of your problems. I think the extra time it takes to type the widget statements will pay itself back.
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