如何解决交叉编译的crt0.o中的问题？ [英] How to solve the crt0.o issue in cross compiling?

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问题描述

如何添加 ctr0.o ？

我得到这个错误：

  yagarto-4.7.2 /斌/ ARM-NONE-EABI-LD：找不到的crt0.o：没有这样的文件或目录
collect2：错误：LD返回1退出status`

而来自编译非常简单的程序在这里：

  / *  -  * first.s /
/ *这是一个注释* /
。全球主要/ *'主'是我们的切入点，而且必须是全球性的* /
.FUNC主/ *'主'是一个函数* /主：/ *这是主* /
    MOV R0，＃2 / *把2寄存器R0 *内部/
    BX LR / *从主*返回/

我已经看到了这些2个线程，并没有得到任何全面和直截了当的回答：


  1. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php？ T = 50046

  2. What是从背后取下gcc4.7.x的的crt0.o理？

我有这些文件，是我不能用它和信息crt0 CRTN区别？

  ./ yagarto-4.7.2 / lib中/ GCC /臂无 -  EABI / 4.7.2 / crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtn.o

在做方案给周围的工作不工作过：

 臂无 -  EABI  - 海合会-o第一assembler_tutorial / CHAPTER01 / first.o -nostartfiles
./yagarto-4.7.2/bin/arm-none-eabi-ld：警告：无法找到入口符号_start;默认为0000000000008000


解决方案

vectors.s 

  .globl _start
_开始：
    MOV SP，＃为0x8000
    BL主
挂：乙杭

main.s 

  .globl主
主要：
    MOV R0，＃2
    BX LR

MEMMAP（链接脚本）

  MEMORY
{
    RAM：ORIGIN = 0x8000的，长度=为0x10000
}
截面
{
    的.text：{*（。*文）}＆GT;随机存取存储器
    .bss中：{*（。* BSS）}＆GT;随机存取存储器
}

命令

 臂无 -  EABI  - 作为vectors.s -o vectors.o中
臂无 -  EABI  - 作为main.s -o main.o中
臂无 -  EABI-LD vectors.o中main.o中-T MEMMAP -o main.elf
臂无 -  EABI-objdump的-D main.elf＆GT; main.list
臂无 -  EABI-objcopy把main.elf -O二进制main.bin

结果

  main.elf：文件格式ELF32-littlearm
.text段拆卸：00008000＆LT; _start计算值：
    8000：e3a0d902 MOV SP，＃32768;为0x8000
    8004：eb000000 BL 800C＆lt;主＆GT;00008008＆LT;恒生计算值：
    8008：eafffffe b＆8008 LT;挂＆GT;0000800c＆lt;主计算值：
    800C：e3a00002 MOV R0，＃2
    8010：e12fff1e BX LR

如果你想用C代替ASM主然后

的main.c 

  INT主要（无效）
{
    返回（2）;
}

命令

 臂无 -  EABI  - 作为vectors.s -o vectors.o中
臂无 -  EABI  - 海合会-Wall -O2 -Werror -nostdlib -nostartfiles -ffreestanding -c main.c中-o main.o中
臂无 -  EABI-LD vectors.o中main.o中-T MEMMAP -o main.elf
臂无 -  EABI-objdump的-D main.elf＆GT; main.list
臂无 -  EABI-objcopy把main.elf -O二进制main.bin

结果

  main.elf：文件格式ELF32-littlearm
.text段拆卸：00008000＆LT; _start计算值：
    8000：e3a0d902 MOV SP，＃32768;为0x8000
    8004：eb000000 BL 800C＆lt;主＆GT;00008008＆LT;恒生计算值：
    8008：eafffffe b＆8008 LT;挂＆GT;0000800c＆lt;主计算值：
    800C：e3a00002 MOV R0，＃2
    8010：e12fff1e BX LR

我preFER使用比其他主函数的名字，因为一些编译器添加额外的行李，当他们看到函数名。

vectors.s 

  .globl _start
_开始：
    MOV SP，＃为0x8000
    BL notmain
挂：乙杭

的main.c 

  INT notmain（无效）
{
    返回（2）;
}

结果

  main.elf：文件格式ELF32-littlearm
.text段拆卸：00008000＆LT; _start计算值：
    8000：e3a0d902 MOV SP，＃32768;为0x8000
    8004：eb000000 BL 800C＆LT; notmain＆GT;00008008＆LT;恒生计算值：
    8008：eafffffe b＆8008 LT;挂＆GT;0000800c＆所述; notmain计算值：
    800C：e3a00002 MOV R0，＃2
    8010：e12fff1e BX LR

How to add ctr0.o ?

I get this error:

yagarto-4.7.2/bin/arm-none-eabi-ld: cannot find crt0.o: No such file or directory
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status`

while compiling very simple program from here:

/* -- first.s */
/* This is a comment */
.global main /* 'main' is our entry point and must be global */
.func main   /* 'main' is a function */

main:          /* This is main */
    mov r0, #2 /* Put a 2 inside the register r0 */
    bx lr      /* Return from main */

I have seen these 2 threads and didn't get any full and straight forward answer:

  1. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=50046
  2. What is the rationale behind removing crt0.o from gcc4.7.x?

I have these files, what is the difference between crt0 and crtn can't I use it?

./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v6m/crtn.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtbegin.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtend.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crti.o
./yagarto-4.7.2/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.7.2/thumb/v7m/crtn.o

The SO solution give a work around which doesn't work too:

arm-none-eabi-gcc -o first assembler_tutorial/chapter01/first.o -nostartfiles
./yagarto-4.7.2/bin/arm-none-eabi-ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000000008000

解决方案

vectors.s

.globl _start
_start:
    mov sp,#0x8000
    bl main
hang: b hang

main.s

.globl main
main:
    mov r0,#2
    bx lr

memmap (linker script)

MEMORY
{
    ram : ORIGIN = 0x8000, LENGTH = 0x10000
}
SECTIONS
{
    .text : { *(.text*) } > ram
    .bss : { *(.bss*) } > ram
}

commands

arm-none-eabi-as vectors.s -o vectors.o
arm-none-eabi-as main.s -o main.o
arm-none-eabi-ld vectors.o main.o -T memmap -o main.elf
arm-none-eabi-objdump -D main.elf > main.list
arm-none-eabi-objcopy main.elf -O binary main.bin

result

main.elf:     file format elf32-littlearm


Disassembly of section .text:

00008000 <_start>:
    8000:   e3a0d902    mov sp, #32768  ; 0x8000
    8004:   eb000000    bl  800c <main>

00008008 <hang>:
    8008:   eafffffe    b   8008 <hang>

0000800c <main>:
    800c:   e3a00002    mov r0, #2
    8010:   e12fff1e    bx  lr

If you want to use C instead of asm for main then

main.c

int main ( void )
{
    return(2);
}

commands

arm-none-eabi-as vectors.s -o vectors.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -Wall -Werror -O2 -nostdlib -nostartfiles -ffreestanding -c main.c -o main.o
arm-none-eabi-ld vectors.o main.o -T memmap -o main.elf
arm-none-eabi-objdump -D main.elf > main.list
arm-none-eabi-objcopy main.elf -O binary main.bin

result

main.elf:     file format elf32-littlearm


Disassembly of section .text:

00008000 <_start>:
    8000:   e3a0d902    mov sp, #32768  ; 0x8000
    8004:   eb000000    bl  800c <main>

00008008 <hang>:
    8008:   eafffffe    b   8008 <hang>

0000800c <main>:
    800c:   e3a00002    mov r0, #2
    8010:   e12fff1e    bx  lr

I prefer to use a function name other than main because some compilers add extra baggage when they see that function name.

vectors.s

.globl _start
_start:
    mov sp,#0x8000
    bl notmain
hang: b hang

main.c

int notmain ( void )
{
    return(2);
}

result

main.elf:     file format elf32-littlearm


Disassembly of section .text:

00008000 <_start>:
    8000:   e3a0d902    mov sp, #32768  ; 0x8000
    8004:   eb000000    bl  800c <notmain>

00008008 <hang>:
    8008:   eafffffe    b   8008 <hang>

0000800c <notmain>:
    800c:   e3a00002    mov r0, #2
    8010:   e12fff1e    bx  lr

这篇关于如何解决交叉编译的crt0.o中的问题？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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