句子结构分析 [英] Sentence structure analysis

问题描述

我正在尝试查看句子的结构相似性，特别是动词、形容词、名词的位置.例如，我有三个(或更多)句子，如下所示:

I am trying to look at the structure similarity of sentences, specifically to the position of verbs, adj, nouns. For instance, I have three (or more) sentences which look likes as follows:

I ate an apple pie, yesterday. 
I ate an orange, yesterday.
I eat a lemon, today. 

所有这些都以代词 (I) 开头，然后是动词(吃/吃)和名词(苹果派、橙子、柠檬)，最后是副词(昨天/明天).

All of them starts with a pronoun (I) followed by a verb (ate/eat) and a noun (apple pie, orange, lemon) and, finally, an adverb (yesterday/tomorrow).

我想知道是否有一种方法可以识别结构，即句子中的PRONOUN VERB NOUN ADVERB.

I would like to know if there is a way to identify the structure, i.e. PRONOUN VERB NOUN ADVERB in the sentence.

如果我将其视为熊猫数据框:

If I think of it as a pandas dataframe:

SENTENCE
    I ate an apple pie, yesterday. 
    I ate an orange, yesterday.
    I eat a lemon, today. 

我需要如下内容:

SENTENCE                                    STRUCTURE
    I ate an apple pie, yesterday.        PRONOUN VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE
    I ate an orange, yesterday.           PRONOUN VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE         
    I eat a lemon, today.                 PRONOUN VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE

你知道我怎样才能得到这个(或类似的)结果吗?

Do you know how I can get this (or similar) results?

推荐答案

这是一个使用 spacy 的简单示例:

Here is a simple example using spacy:

import spacy
import pandas as pd

# load english language model
nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm',disable=['ner','textcat'])

text = "I ate an apple pie, yesterday."

# create spacy 
doc = nlp(text)
pos = ""
for token in doc:
    pos += token.pos_ + " "
    
# create dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame([[text, pos]], columns=['Sentence', 'Structure'])
print(df)

输出为:

                      Sentence                                  Structure
0  I ate an apple pie, yesterday.  PRON VERB DET NOUN NOUN PUNCT NOUN PUNCT 

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