如何将meshgrid的输出转换为对应的点数组? [英] How to convert the output of meshgrid to the corresponding array of points?

问题描述

我想创建一个与网格相对应的点列表.因此，如果我想创建从 (0, 0) 到 (1, 1) 的区域网格，它将包含点 (0, 0)、(0, 1)、(1, 0) 和 (1, 0).

I want to create a list of points that would correspond to a grid. So if I want to create a grid of the region from (0, 0) to (1, 1), it would contain the points (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0) and (1, 0).

我知道这可以通过以下代码完成:

I know that that this can be done with the following code:

g = np.meshgrid([0,1],[0,1])
np.append(g[0].reshape(-1,1),g[1].reshape(-1,1),axis=1)

产生结果:

array([[0, 0],
       [1, 0],
       [0, 1],
       [1, 1]])

我的问题有两个:

1. 有没有更好的方法来做到这一点?
2. 有没有办法将其推广到更高维度?

推荐答案

我刚刚注意到 numpy 中的文档提供了一种更快的方法来做到这一点:

I just noticed that the documentation in numpy provides an even faster way to do this:

X, Y = np.mgrid[xmin:xmax:100j, ymin:ymax:100j]
positions = np.vstack([X.ravel(), Y.ravel()])

使用链接的 meshgrid2 函数并将ravel"映射到生成的网格，可以轻松地将其推广到更多维度.

This can easily be generalized to more dimensions using the linked meshgrid2 function and mapping 'ravel' to the resulting grid.

g = meshgrid2(x, y, z)
positions = np.vstack(map(np.ravel, g))

对于每个轴上有 1000 个刻度的 3D 数组，结果比 zip 方法快 35 倍.

The result is about 35 times faster than the zip method for a 3D array with 1000 ticks on each axis.

来源:http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.gaussian_kde.html#scipy.stats.gaussian_kde

要比较这两种方法，请考虑以下代码段:

To compare the two methods consider the following sections of code:

创建有助于创建网格的众所周知的刻度线.

Create the proverbial tick marks that will help to create the grid.

In [23]: import numpy as np

In [34]: from numpy import asarray

In [35]: x = np.random.rand(100,1)

In [36]: y = np.random.rand(100,1)

In [37]: z = np.random.rand(100,1)

为网格定义 mgilson 链接到的函数:

Define the function that mgilson linked to for the meshgrid:

In [38]: def meshgrid2(*arrs):
   ....:     arrs = tuple(reversed(arrs))
   ....:     lens = map(len, arrs)
   ....:     dim = len(arrs)
   ....:     sz = 1
   ....:     for s in lens:
   ....:        sz *= s
   ....:     ans = []
   ....:     for i, arr in enumerate(arrs):
   ....:         slc = [1]*dim
   ....:         slc[i] = lens[i]
   ....:         arr2 = asarray(arr).reshape(slc)
   ....:         for j, sz in enumerate(lens):
   ....:             if j != i:
   ....:                 arr2 = arr2.repeat(sz, axis=j)
   ....:         ans.append(arr2)
   ....:     return tuple(ans)

创建网格和计时这两个函数.

Create the grid and time the two functions.

In [39]: g = meshgrid2(x, y, z)

In [40]: %timeit pos = np.vstack(map(np.ravel, g)).T
100 loops, best of 3: 7.26 ms per loop

In [41]: %timeit zip(*(x.flat for x in g))
1 loops, best of 3: 264 ms per loop

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