如何在 OWL 中定义关系属性? [英] How do I define relation properties in OWL?

问题描述

在我的本体中，我有个人pic Joan"，它是概念mountain"的一个实例，port Cerbère"是概念village"的一个实例.我有从pic Joan"到port Cerbère"的支配"关系(从某种意义上说，这座山被认为靠近村庄并在村庄上方，因此支配它").

In my ontology I have individuals "pic Joan" which is an instance of concept "mountain" and "port Cerbère" which is an instance of concept "village". I have the relation "dominates" going from "pic Joan" to "port Cerbère" (in the sense that the mountain is perceived as being close and above the village, and hence "dominates it").

但实际上，我需要表示信息图片 Joan 在西北 1.5 英里处占据 Cerbère 港".

But in fact, I need to represent the information "pic Joan dominates port Cerbère at a distance of 1.5 miles NW".

因此，从逻辑上讲，我需要将数据属性distance=1.5M"、direction=NW"附加到支配"关系.

So, logically, I would need to attach to the relation "dominates" the data properties "distance=1.5M", "direction=NW".

但是，AFAIK，OWL 不提供关系的属性.我知道我可以为关系定义范围和域，但这与范围和域无关，同一关系在不同实例之间具有不同的属性值.

But, AFAIK, OWL does not provide properties for relations. I know that I can define range and domain for relations, but this is not about range and domain, the same relation will have different property values when taken between different instances.

您将如何在 OWL 中表示这些信息?

How would you represent this information in OWL?

(辅助问题:是否有其他一些本体形式主义可以让我定义关系的属性?如果是，是否有像 Protégé 这样的工具来管理该形式主义中的本体?)

(Auxiliary question: is there some other ontology formalism where I can define properties for relations? And if yes, are there tools like Protégé to manage ontologies in that formalism?)

推荐答案

这个用例最常见的模式是引入一个新类，比如 RelativePosition:

The most common pattern for this use case is to introduce a new class, say RelativePosition:

RelativePosition a Class.
relationType a DataProperty.
relationType domain RelativePosition.
// relationType values not specified here: might be "dominant","overlooking"...
// depending on your needs, this might need more structure.
firstFeature a ObjectProperty.
firstFeature domain RelativePosition.
secondFeature a ObjectProperty.
secondFeature domain RelativePosition.
// both properties can appear multiple times for one instance of RelativePosition
// to group sets of entities which share a relative position

可以添加更多属性来引入距离或其他特征.

More properties can be added to introduce distance, or other characteristics.

从下面的约书亚评论中复制链接:对于 n 元关系，请参阅 此处

copied link from Joshua's comment below: for n-ary relations, see here

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