将子类作为父类传递给方法 [英] Pass child class to method as parent class

问题描述

class Method {
  public:    
  virtual void Rum();
};
class Euler : public Method {
  virtual void Rum() {
    printf("ahoj\n");
  }    
};
class Kutta : public Method {
  virtual void Rum() {
    printf("ahoj2\n");
  }    
};
class Simulator {
  public:
  Method *pointer;
  Simulator();
  void setmethod(Method m) { pointer = &m; }
};

int main() {
  Simulator s;
  s.setmethod(new Kutta());
  s.pointer->Rum();
  s.setmethod(new Euler());
  s.pointer->Rum();
}

我希望这个例子足够好理解.我试图应用继承原则，但我得到了这些错误:(OOP 的东西在我的脑海中似乎有点混乱)

I hope this example understandable enough. I tried to apply the principle of inheritance but I get these errors: (OOP stuff seems to be a little bit messed in my head)

prog.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
prog.cpp:26: error: no matching function for call to ‘Simulator::setmethod(Kutta*)’
prog.cpp:21: note: candidates are: void Simulator::setmethod(Method)
prog.cpp:28: error: no matching function for call to ‘Simulator::setmethod(Euler*)’
prog.cpp:21: note: candidates are: void Simulator::setmethod(Method)

那么传递子项而不是父项的正确方法是什么?谢谢！

So what is the correct way to pass child instead of its parent? Thanks!

推荐答案

void setmethod(Method m) 的签名不正确.它必须是 void setmethod(Method* m) 以匹配您的调用.

Signature of your void setmethod(Method m) isn't correct. It must be void setmethod(Method* m) to match your invocation.

作为旁注，您的方法中需要一个引用或指针才能使多态性工作 - 这意味着您不能通过值将参数传递给 setmethod 并期望多态性工作.

As a side note, you need a reference or a pointer in your method for the polymorphism to work - that means that you can't pass the argument to setmethod by value and expect the polymorphism to work.

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