用于在 XML 中查找和替换标记值的 Perl 代码 [英] Perl code for Find and replace a tag value in XML

问题描述

以下是我将使用的 XML:

Below is the XML I will be using:

ABC

我想编写一个 Perl 代码来搜索标签id"并将值ABC"替换为DEF".

I want to write a Perl code which search for tag 'id' and replace the value "ABC" with "DEF".

然而，上述 XML 的嵌套可以改变.所以我想制作一个通用代码，独立于其确切位置搜索标签id".

However the nesting of above XML can change. So I want to make a generalized code that search for the tag 'id' independently of its exact position.

到目前为止，我能够获得可以替换 ABC 中的值的逻辑，但这会使我的代码静态标记id"的位置.

Till now i am able to get the logic where i can replace the value in ABC but that makes my code static of the position of tag 'id'.

#!usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use XML::Simple;
use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel;
use Data::Dumper;
my $FileName = 'sample.xls';
my $xml_file = 'hello.xml';
$par=$ARGV[0];
my $xml = XMLin($xml_file,
    KeepRoot=>1,
    ForceArray=>1,);
$xml->{a}->[0]->{id}='DEF';
XMLout(
    $xml,
    KeepRoot =>1 ,
    NoAttr =>1,
    OutputFile => $xml_file,
        );
    }

推荐答案

XPath 能够找到节点，而无需知道在树中的位置.

XPath is able to find nodes without needing to know the position in the tree.

use strictures;
use XML::LibXML qw();
my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_xml(string => <<'XML');
<a>
<id>ABC</id>
<class />
<gender />
</a>
XML

for my $id ($dom->findnodes('//id[string()="ABC"]')) {
    $id->removeChildNodes;
    $id->appendText('DEF');
}

print $dom->toString

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