如何从另一个 powershell 脚本逐字编写/创建 powershell 脚本? [英] How can I write/create a powershell script verbatim, from another powershell script?

问题描述

以下代码(在底部)在文件中产生以下输出之一

The following code (at the bottom) produces one of the following outputs in the file

4/12/2019 = (get-date).AddDays(2).ToShortDateString();
4/13/2019 = (get-date).AddDays(2 + 1).ToShortDateString();

或者如果我还没有初始化变量

or if I haven't initialized the variable

 = (get-date).AddDays(2).ToShortDateString();
 = (get-date).AddDays(2 + 1).ToShortDateString();

这是代码块，我希望父 ps1 文件逐字写入子 ps1 文件.

This is the code block, I would like the parent ps1 file to write the child ps1 file verbatim.

$multiLineScript2 = @"

    $startDate2 = (get-date).AddDays($resultOfSubtraction).ToShortDateString();
    $endDate2 = (get-date).AddDays($resultOfSubtraction + 1).ToShortDateString();
"@

$multiLineScript2 | Out-File "c:\file2.ps1";

推荐答案

tl;dr:

要创建一个verbatim多行字符串(即具有文字内容的字符串)，请使用a 单引号 here-string:

To create a verbatim multi-line string (i.e., a string with literal contents), use a single-quoted here-string:

$multiLineScript2 = @'

    $startDate2 = (get-date).AddDays($resultOfSubtraction).ToShortDateString();
    $endDate2 = (get-date).AddDays($resultOfSubtraction + 1).ToShortDateString();
'@

注意使用 @' 和 '@ 作为分隔符.

Note the use of @' and '@ as the delimiters.

仅在需要字符串扩展(插值)时使用双引号此处的字符串；选择性抑制扩展，转义 $ 字符.以`$的形式逐字包含，如您的自己的答案.

Use a double-quoted here-string only if string expansion (interpolation) is needed; to selectively suppress expansion, escape $ chars. to be included verbatim as `$, as shown in your own answer.

获取帮助 about_quotingrules 讨论了 PowerShell 支持的字符串文字类型:

• 要获得具有文字内容的字符串(无插值，C#将称之为逐字字符串)，请使用单引号:'...'

• To get a string with literal content (no interpolation, what C# would call a verbatim string), use single quotes: '...'

• 嵌入 ' 字符.在 '...' 字符串中，double ('');所有其他字符.可以按原样使用.

• To embed ' chars. inside a '...' string, double them (''); all other chars. can be used as-is.

获得一个可扩展字符串(字符串插值)，即一个字符串，其中变量引用(例如，$var或 ${var}) 和表达式(例如，$($var.Name))可以嵌入并替换为其值，使用双引号: "..."

To get an expandable string (string interpolation), i.e., a string in which variable references (e.g., $var or ${var}) and expressions (e.g., $($var.Name)) can be embedded that are replaced with their values, use double quotes: "..."

• 要选择性地抑制扩展，反引号转义 $ 字符.;例如，为了防止 $var 在 "..." 字符串中被插入(扩展到它的值)，使用 `$var;要嵌入文字反引号，请使用 ``
• 有关字符串扩展规则的概述，请参阅此答案.

• To selectively suppress expansion, backtick-escape $ chars.; e.g., to prevent $var from being interpolated (expanded to its value) inside a "..." string, use `$var; to embed a literal backtick, use ``
• For an overview of the rules of string expansion, see this answer.

这两种基本类型也可用作 here-strings - 形式为 @'<newline>...<newline>'@ 和 @"..."@ 分别( 代表实际的换行符(换行符)) - 使定义多行字符串更容易.

Both fundamental types are also available as here-strings - in the forms @'<newline>...<newline>'@ and @"<newline>...<newline>"@ respectively (<newline> stands for an actual newline (line break)) - which make defining multi-line strings easier.

• 重要:
  • 开始分隔符 - @' 或 @" - 在同一行 - 字符串的内容必须在以下行中定义.
  • 结束分隔符 - '@ 或 "@(匹配开始分隔符) - 必须在一开始一行.
  • 此处定义的文件字符串总是使用其封闭文件的换行符格式(CRLF vs. LF)，而交互式定义的字符串总是只使用 LF.
  • Important:
    • Nothing (except whitespace) must follow the opening delimiter - @' or @" - on the same line - the string's content must be defined on the following lines.
    • The closing delimiter - '@ or "@ (matching the opening delimiter) - must be at the very start of a line.
    • Here-strings defined in files invariably use the newline format of their enclosing file (CRLF vs. LF), whereas interactively defined ones always use LF only.

    示例:

    # Single-quoted: literal:
    PS> 'I am $HOME'
    I am $HOME
    
    # Double-quoted: expandable
    PS> "I am $HOME"
    I am C:\Users\jdoe
    
    # Here-strings:
    
    # Literal
    PS> @'
    I am
      $HOME
    '@
    I am
      $HOME
    
    # Expandable
    PS> @"
    I am
      $HOME
    "@
    I am
      C:\Users\jdoe
    

    这篇关于如何从另一个 powershell 脚本逐字编写/创建 powershell 脚本?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！