用于替换两个字符串之间的文本的 Powershell 正则表达式 [英] Powershell regex for replacing text between two strings

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 powershell 脚本来更改两个字符串之间的密码，我遇到了两个问题.

I am trying to use a powershell script to change the password between two strings, I am running into two issues.

1. 复杂的密码似乎破坏了我的正则表达式，如果我使用像TestPassword"这样简单的东西正则表达式符合我的期望.然而，使用更复杂的密码6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI="它打破并导致

SSLEnabled="true" keystoreFile="C:\cert.pfx" $16QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI=" keystoreType="PKCS12"/>

代替

SSLEnabled="true" keystoreFile="C:\cert.pfx" keystorePass="6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI=" keystoreType="PKCS12"/>

1. 我想对第二场比赛不那么具体，例如现在我必须指定"keystoreType' 但我宁愿不那么具体，只指定结束引号.这样，如果我将来更改 keystoreType 参数的位置，我就不必担心更改正则表达式以适应.

Bellow 是我目前的强大功能:

#Set new password in server.xml
$pass='6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI='
$server_xml=".\server.xml"
(Get-Content $server_xml) -replace '(keystorePass=")(.*)(" keystoreType)',('$1{0}$3' -f "$pass") | Set-Content $server_xml

Bellow 是从我的 xml 中摘录的:

<Connector port="443" relaxedPathChars="[]|" relaxedQueryChars="[]|{}^&#x5c;&#x60;&quot;&lt;&gt;"
                   maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" connectionTimeout="20000" enableLookups="false"
                   maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" protocol="HTTP/1.1" useBodyEncodingForURI="true" redirectPort="8443"
                   acceptCount="100" disableUploadTimeout="true" bindOnInit="false" secure="true" scheme="https"
                   proxyName="test.example.com" proxyPort="443"
                   SSLEnabled="true" keystoreFile="C:\cert.pfx" keystorePass="123abc" keystoreType="PKCS12"/>

推荐答案

解析

正如@四只鸟和@codextor 在评论中；直接查看并戳入 序列化 字符串(例如 XML) 使用字符串方法(如 -Replace)是一个坏主意.相反，您应该使用相关的解析器进行搜索和替换，它具有更简单的语法，可以解决您的问题和其他陷阱(例如双引号 $pass='Test"123').

Parse

As pointed out by @the four bird and @codextor in the comments; peeking and poking directly into a serialized string (e.g. XML) using string methods (like -Replace) is a bad idea. Instead you should use the related parser for searching and replacing which has an easier syntax, takes care of both your issues and other pitfalls (e.g. double quotes $pass='Test"123').

忽略相关解析器甚至会带来预先安全风险，因为用户(假设只允许提供密码)可以通过提供一个新的属性在您的 xml(连接器)中注入密码如:

There is even a protentional security risk by ignoring the related parsers as a user (which is assumed only allowed to supply a password) could inject a new property in your xml (connector) by supplying a password like:

$pass = 'MyPass';maxParameterCount="0'

示例

$Xml = [Xml]'<Connector port="443" relaxedPathChars="[]|" relaxedQueryChars="[]|{}^&#x5c;&#x60;&quot;&lt;&gt;" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" connectionTimeout="20000" enableLookups="false" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" protocol="HTTP/1.1" useBodyEncodingForURI="true" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" disableUploadTimeout="true" bindOnInit="false" secure="true" scheme="https" proxyName="test.example.com" proxyPort="443" SSLEnabled="true" keystoreFile="C:\cert.pfx" keystorePass="123abc" keystoreType="PKCS12"/>'

$Xml.Connector.keystorePass = '6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI='

$Xml.Connector

port                  : 443
relaxedPathChars      : []|
relaxedQueryChars     : []|{}^\`"<>
maxThreads            : 150
minSpareThreads       : 25
connectionTimeout     : 20000
enableLookups         : false
maxHttpHeaderSize     : 8192
protocol              : HTTP/1.1
useBodyEncodingForURI : true
redirectPort          : 8443
acceptCount           : 100
disableUploadTimeout  : true
bindOnInit            : false
secure                : true
scheme                : https
proxyName             : test.example.com
proxyPort             : 443
SSLEnabled            : true
keystoreFile          : C:\cert.pfx
keystorePass          : 6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI=
keystoreType          : PKCS12

$Xml.OuterXml

<Connector port="443" relaxedPathChars="[]|" relaxedQueryChars="[]|{}^\`&quot;&lt;&gt;" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" connectionTimeout="20000" enableLookups="false" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" protocol="HTTP/1.1" useBodyEncodingForURI="true" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" disableUploadTimeout="true" bindOnInit="false" secure="true" scheme="https" proxyName="test.example.com" proxyPort="443" SSLEnabled="true" keystoreFile="C:\cert.pfx" keystorePass="6QAfD5PmMhWzUxTq1FO1bGJQQXRXu6tizN29h6MRUSI=" keystoreType="PKCS12" />

附录

^{(基于评论中的附加信息)}

如果您的 xml 中有更多连接器，例如:

If there are more connectors in your xml, as e.g.:

$Xml = [Xml]'
    <Connectors>
        <Connector
            port="80"
            keystorePass="Pass1" />
        <Connector
            port="443"
            keystorePass="Pass2" />
    </Connectors>'

您可以像这样处理连接器:

You might address the connectors like:

$Xml.Connectors.Connector[0].keystorePass = 'Pass80'
$Xml.Connectors.Connector.Where{ $_.port -eq '443' }.SetAttribute('keystorePass', 'Pass443')

$Xml.OuterXml

<Connectors><Connector port="80" keystorePass="Pass80" /><Connector port="443" keystorePass="Pass443" /></Connectors>

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