Pygame TypeError: update() 需要 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个 [英] Pygame TypeError: update() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given
本文介绍了Pygame TypeError: update() 需要 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
在分析了我的代码大约 2-3 小时后，我查找了与我的问题类似的以下链接，这些链接在下面提供.但是在认识到他们的问题是什么之后，我想我的必须是一样的，不幸的是事实并非如此.我将提供我认为问题所在的代码，如果您需要查看更多内容，我将非常乐意遵守.谢谢.
After analyzing my code for about 2-3 hours, I looked up the following links that were similar to my problem, which are provided below. But after recognizing what their issue was, I figured my must be the same, unfortunately that's not the case. I'll provide the code where I believe the issue lies, if you need to see more, i'll be more than happy to comply. Thank you.
超链接...
TypeError: __init__() 需要 4 个位置参数但是给了 5 个
这是代码...
def game_loop(player_img):
player_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
global player
player = Sprites.Player(player_img)
player.rect.x = WINDOW_WIDTH/2
player.rect.y = WINDOW_HEIGHT - player.rect.height
player_group.add(player)
global asteroid_group
asteroid_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
asteroid_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
global ufo_group
ufo_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
ufo_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
global enemy_group
enemy_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemy_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
global bomb_group
bomb_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
bomb_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
global space_mine_group
space_mine_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
space_mine_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
explosion_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
ammo_power_up = Sprites.Ammo_Powerup()
ammo_power_up_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
ammo_power_up_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
health_power_up = Sprites.Health_Powerup()
health_power_up_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
health_power_up_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
stun = Sprites.Stun()
stun_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
stun_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
player_stun_stopwatch = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
bullet_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemy_bullet_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
ammo, health, score = 10, 100, 0
background = Sprites.Background("Sprites/Background/background.jpg", [0, 0])
pygame.mixer.music.load("Sprites/Efx/Fantasy_Game_Background.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
power_up_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("Sprites/Efx/powerup.ogg")
laser_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("Sprites/Efx/laser1.ogg")
space_mine_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("Sprites/Efx/explosion.ogg")
bomb_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("Sprites/Efx/explosion.ogg")
while True:
clear_previous(player.rect.x, player.rect.y, player.rect.width, player.rect.height)
if asteroid_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 3:
spawn_asteroid()
asteroid_stopwatch.reset()
if ufo_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 8:
spawn_ufo()
ufo_stopwatch.reset()
if enemy_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 5:
spawn_enemy()
enemy_stopwatch.reset()
if bomb_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 6:
spawn_space_bomb()
bomb_stopwatch.reset()
if space_mine_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 6:
spawn_space_mine()
space_mine_stopwatch.reset()
if ammo_power_up_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 5:
ammo_power_up_group.remove(ammo_power_up)
clear_previous(ammo_power_up.rect.x, ammo_power_up.rect.y, ammo_power_up.rect.width, ammo_power_up.rect.height)
if ammo_power_up_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 10:
ammo_power_up.rect.x = random.randrange(30, 700)
ammo_power_up.rect.y = random.randrange(200, 930)
ammo_power_up_group.add(ammo_power_up)
ammo_power_up_stopwatch.reset()
if health_power_up_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 7.5:
health_power_up_group.remove(health_power_up)
clear_previous(health_power_up.rect.x, health_power_up.rect.y, health_power_up.rect.width, health_power_up.rect.height)
if health_power_up_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 15:
health_power_up.rect.x = random.randrange(30, 700)
health_power_up.rect.y = random.randrange(200, 930)
health_power_up_group.add(health_power_up)
health_power_up_stopwatch.reset()
if player_stun_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 4:
player.x_vel = 5
player.y_vel = 5
if stun_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 10:
stun_group.remove(stun)
clear_previous(stun.rect.x, stun.rect.y, stun.rect.width, stun.rect.height)
if stun_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 12:
stun.rect.x = random.randrange(30, 700)
stun.rect.y = random.randrange(200, 930)
stun_group.add(stun)
stun_stopwatch.reset()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
quit_game()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and ammo > 1:
ammo -= 2
clear_previous(20, 50, 100, 30)
laser_sound.play()
bullet = Sprites.Bullet()
bullet.rect.x = player.rect.right
bullet.rect.y = player.rect.top
bullet_list.add(bullet)
second_bullet = Sprites.Bullet()
second_bullet.rect.x = player.rect.left
second_bullet.rect.y = player.rect.top
bullet_list.add(second_bullet)
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] or keys[pygame.K_d]:
player.move_right()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] or keys[pygame.K_a]:
player.move_left()
if keys[pygame.K_UP] or keys[pygame.K_w]:
player.move_up()
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN] or keys[pygame.K_s]:
player.move_down()
for bullet in bullet_list:
if bullet.rect.y <= 0:
bullet_list.remove(bullet)
clear_previous(bullet.rect.x, bullet.rect.y, bullet.rect.width, bullet.rect.height)
for asteroid in asteroid_group:
if asteroid.rect.y >= WINDOW_HEIGHT:
asteroid_group.remove(asteroid)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, asteroid_group, False):
health -= 15
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
asteroid.hit = True
bomb_sound.play()
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(asteroid.rect.x, asteroid.rect.y)
asteroid_group.remove(asteroid)
clear_previous(asteroid.rect.x, asteroid.rect.y, asteroid.rect.width, asteroid.rect.height)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
clear_previous(asteroid.rect.x, asteroid.rect.y, asteroid.rect.width, asteroid.rect.height)
for enemy in enemy_group:
if enemy.rect.y >= WINDOW_HEIGHT:
enemy_group.remove(enemy)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, enemy_group, False):
health -= 10
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(enemy.rect.x, enemy.rect.y)
enemy_group.remove(enemy)
clear_previous(enemy.rect.x, enemy.rect.y, enemy.rect.width, enemy.rect.height)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
clear_previous(enemy.rect.x, enemy.rect.y, enemy.rect.width, enemy.rect.height)
for ufo in ufo_group:
if ufo.rect.y >= WINDOW_HEIGHT:
ufo_group.remove(ufo)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, ufo_group, False):
health -= 15
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(ufo.rect.x, ufo.rect.y)
ufo_group.remove(ufo)
clear_previous(ufo.rect.x, ufo.rect.y, ufo.rect.width, ufo.rect.height)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
clear_previous(ufo.rect.x, ufo.rect.y, ufo.rect.width, ufo.rect.height)
for bomb in bomb_group:
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, bomb_group, False):
health -= 20
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
bomb_sound.play()
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y)
bomb_group.remove(bomb)
clear_previous(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y, bomb.rect.width, bomb.rect.height)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(asteroid, bomb_group, True):
bomb_sound.play()
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y)
asteroid_group.remove(asteroid)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if bomb_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 3:
bomb_group.remove(bomb)
clear_previous(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y, bomb.rect.width, bomb.rect.height)
clear_previous(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y, bomb.rect.width, bomb.rect.height)
for mine in space_mine_group:
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, space_mine_group, False):
health -= 20
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
space_mine_sound.play()
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y)
space_mine_group.remove(mine)
clear_previous(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y, mine.rect.width, mine.rect.height)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(asteroid, space_mine_group, True):
space_mine_sound.play()
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y)
asteroid_group.remove(asteroid)
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if space_mine_stopwatch.get_seconds() >= 3:
space_mine_group.remove(mine)
clear_previous(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y, mine.rect.width, mine.rect.height)
clear_previous(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y, mine.rect.width, mine.rect.height)
for enemy_bullet in enemy_bullet_list:
if enemy_bullet.rect.y >= WINDOW_HEIGHT:
enemy_bullet_list.remove(enemy_bullet)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, enemy_bullet_list, False):
health -= 10
clear_previous(20, 20, 100, 30)
enemy_bullet_list.remove(enemy_bullet)
clear_previous(enemy_bullet.rect.x, enemy_bullet.rect.y, enemy_bullet.rect.width, enemy_bullet.rect.height)
clear_previous(enemy_bullet.rect.x, enemy_bullet.rect.y, enemy_bullet.rect.width, enemy_bullet.rect.height)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullet_list, asteroid_group, True, True):
score += 10
clear_previous(20, 80, 200, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(asteroid.rect.x, asteroid.rect.y)
asteroid.hit = True
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullet_list, enemy_group, True, True):
score += 20
clear_previous(20, 80, 200, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(enemy.rect.x, enemy.rect.y)
enemy.hit = True
enemy_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullet_list, ufo_group, True, True):
score += 25
clear_previous(20, 80, 200, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(ufo.rect.x, ufo.rect.y)
ufo.hit = True
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bomb_group, bullet_list, True, True):
score += 15
clear_previous(20, 80, 200, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(bomb.rect.x, bomb.rect.y)
bomb_sound.play()
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(space_mine_group, bullet_list, True, True):
score += 15
clear_previous(20, 80, 200, 30)
explosion = Sprites.Explosion(mine.rect.x, mine.rect.y)
space_mine_sound.play()
explosion_group.add(explosion)
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(space_mine_group, ufo_group, True, True):
bomb_sound.play()
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bomb_group, ufo_group, True, True):
bomb_sound.play()
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(space_mine_group, enemy_group, True, True):
bomb_sound.play()
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bomb_group, enemy_group, True, True):
bomb_sound.play()
if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(enemy_group, asteroid_group, True, True):
bomb_sound.play()
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, stun_group, False):
power_up_sound.play()
stun_group.remove(stun)
clear_previous(stun.rect.x, stun.rect.y, stun.rect.width, stun.rect.height)
player.x_vel = 8
player.y_vel = 8
player_stun_stopwatch.reset()
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, ammo_power_up_group, False):
power_up_sound.play()
ammo += 10
clear_previous(20, 50, 100, 30)
ammo_power_up_group.remove(ammo_power_up)
clear_previous(ammo_power_up.rect.x, ammo_power_up.rect.y, ammo_power_up.rect.width, ammo_power_up.rect.height)
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, health_power_up_group, False):
power_up_sound.play()
if health >= 90:
diff = 100 - health
health += diff
clear_previous(20, 20, 200, 30)
else:
health += 10
clear_previous(20, 20, 200, 30)
health_power_up_group.remove(health_power_up)
clear_previous(health_power_up.rect.x, health_power_up.rect.y, health_power_up.rect.width, health_power_up.rect.height)
if health <= 0:
game_over(score)
window.blit(background.image, background.rect)
text(20, 20, 20, "Comic Sans MS", "Health: " + str(health), WHITE)
text(20, 50, 20, "Comic Sans MS", "Ammo: " + str(ammo), WHITE)
text(20, 80, 20, "Comic Sans MS", "Score: " + str(score), WHITE)
check_bounds(player)
player_group.update()
asteroid_group.update()
explosion_group.update()
enemy_group.update(enemy_bullet_list)
bomb_group.update()
space_mine_group.update()
ufo_group.update(enemy_bullet_list)
ammo_power_up_group.update()
health_power_up_group.update()
enemy_bullet_list.update()
bullet_list.update()
stun_group.update()
bullet_list.draw(window)
asteroid_group.draw(window)
explosion_group.draw(window)
enemy_group.draw(window)
ufo_group.draw(window)
bomb_group.draw(window)
space_mine_group.draw(window)
enemy_bullet_list.draw(window)
player_group.draw(window)
ammo_power_up_group.draw(window)
health_power_up_group.draw(window)
stun_group.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
敌人等级代码...
class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, img):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
self.image = pygame.image.load(img)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.hit = False
self.vel_x = 5
self.vel_y = 5
self.laser_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("Sprites/Efx/sfx_laser1.ogg")
self.timer = Stopwatch.Stopwatch()
def update(self, bullet_group):
if self.hit == False:
self.rect.y += self.vel_y
if self.timer.get_seconds() >= .7:
self.laser_sound.play()
bullet = EnemyBullet()
bullet.rect.x = self.rect.x + 20
bullet.rect.y = self.rect.y + 50
second_bullet = EnemyBullet()
second_bullet.rect.x = self.rect.x + 65
second_bullet.rect.y = self.rect.y + 50
bullet_group.add(bullet)
bullet_group.add(second_bullet)
self.timer.reset()
这是错误...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/trist_000/PycharmProjects/SpaceWars/Game.py", line 763, in <module> main()
File "C:/Users/trist_000/PycharmProjects/SpaceWars/Game.py", line 760, in main
game_loop(player_img)
File "C:/Users/trist_000/PycharmProjects/SpaceWars/Game.py", line 724, in game_loop
enemy_group.update(enemy_bullet_list)
File "C:\Users\trist_000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\pygame\sprite.py", line 462, in update
s.update(*args)
TypeError: update() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given
推荐答案
通常该错误是因为您调用的方法只接受带有附加参数的 self.在这种情况下，您似乎正在使用定义为 def update(self) 的内容调用 .update(bullet_list) 并且方法调用中的隐式 self 是第一个2 个位置参数.
Usually that error is because you are calling a method that just takes self with an additional argument. In this case it looks like you are calling .update(bullet_list) with something that is defined as def update(self) and the implicit self in your method call is the first of the 2 positional args.
快速搜索您的代码并查看您设置的错误
Quickly searching through your code and looking at the error you set
enemy_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
然后调用 enemy_group.add(explosion) 这不是 Enemy 并且我假设没有自定义 .update定义在它上面.
and then call enemy_group.add(explosion) which isn't an Enemy and i assume doesn't have a custom .update defined on it.
将来我建议您查看 pdb.
这篇关于Pygame TypeError: update() 需要 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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