Python 的 raw_input() 中的 Tab 补全 [英] Tab completion in Python's raw_input()

问题描述

我知道我可以这样做以获得 python 中选项卡完成的效果.

i know i can do this to get the effect of tab completion in python sure.

import readline
COMMANDS = ['extra', 'extension', 'stuff', 'errors',
            'email', 'foobar', 'foo']

def complete(text, state):
    for cmd in COMMANDS:
        if cmd.startswith(text):
            if not state:
                return cmd
            else:
                state -= 1

readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
readline.set_completer(complete)
raw_input('Enter section name: ')

我现在对使用目录进行 Tab 补全感兴趣.(/home/user/doc >tab)

I am now interested in doing tab completion with directories. (/home/user/doc >tab)

我将如何去做这样的任务?

How would i go about doing such a task?

推荐答案

以下是如何执行文件系统路径增量补全的快速示例.我已经修改了您的示例，将其组织成一个类，其中名为 complete_[name] 的方法表示顶级命令.

Here is a quick example of how to perform incremental completion of file system paths. I've modified your example, organizing it into a class where methods named complete_[name] indicate top-level commands.

我已经将完成功能切换为使用内部 readline 缓冲区来确定整体完成的状态，这使得状态逻辑更简单一些.路径补全在 _complete_path(path) 方法中，我已经连接了 extra 命令来对其参数执行路径补全.

I've switched the completion function to use the internal readline buffer to determine the state of the overall completion, which makes the state logic a bit simpler. The path completion is in the _complete_path(path) method, and I've hooked up the extra command to perform path completions on its arguments.

我确信代码可以进一步简化，但它应该为您提供一个不错的起点:

I'm sure the code could be further simplified but it should provide you a decent starting point:

import os
import re
import readline

COMMANDS = ['extra', 'extension', 'stuff', 'errors',
            'email', 'foobar', 'foo']
RE_SPACE = re.compile('.*\s+$', re.M)

class Completer(object):

    def _listdir(self, root):
        "List directory 'root' appending the path separator to subdirs."
        res = []
        for name in os.listdir(root):
            path = os.path.join(root, name)
            if os.path.isdir(path):
                name += os.sep
            res.append(name)
        return res

    def _complete_path(self, path=None):
        "Perform completion of filesystem path."
        if not path:
            return self._listdir('.')
        dirname, rest = os.path.split(path)
        tmp = dirname if dirname else '.'
        res = [os.path.join(dirname, p)
                for p in self._listdir(tmp) if p.startswith(rest)]
        # more than one match, or single match which does not exist (typo)
        if len(res) > 1 or not os.path.exists(path):
            return res
        # resolved to a single directory, so return list of files below it
        if os.path.isdir(path):
            return [os.path.join(path, p) for p in self._listdir(path)]
        # exact file match terminates this completion
        return [path + ' ']

    def complete_extra(self, args):
        "Completions for the 'extra' command."
        if not args:
            return self._complete_path('.')
        # treat the last arg as a path and complete it
        return self._complete_path(args[-1])

    def complete(self, text, state):
        "Generic readline completion entry point."
        buffer = readline.get_line_buffer()
        line = readline.get_line_buffer().split()
        # show all commands
        if not line:
            return [c + ' ' for c in COMMANDS][state]
        # account for last argument ending in a space
        if RE_SPACE.match(buffer):
            line.append('')
        # resolve command to the implementation function
        cmd = line[0].strip()
        if cmd in COMMANDS:
            impl = getattr(self, 'complete_%s' % cmd)
            args = line[1:]
            if args:
                return (impl(args) + [None])[state]
            return [cmd + ' '][state]
        results = [c + ' ' for c in COMMANDS if c.startswith(cmd)] + [None]
        return results[state]

comp = Completer()
# we want to treat '/' as part of a word, so override the delimiters
readline.set_completer_delims(' \t\n;')
readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
readline.set_completer(comp.complete)
raw_input('Enter section name: ')

用法:

% python complete.py 
Enter section name: ext<tab>
extension extra
Enter section name: extra foo<tab>
foo.py foo.txt foo/
Enter section name: extra foo/<tab>
foo/bar.txt foo/baz.txt
Enter section name: extra foo/bar.txt

更新 如果用户输入/，它将完成从根目录的路径:

Update It will complete paths from the root if the user types /:

% python complete.py
Enter section name: extra /Use<tab>
/Users/.localized  /Users/Shared/  /Users/user1 /Users/user2
Enter section name: extra /Users/use<tab>
/Users/user1  /Users/user2

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