查找 'fibo.py' 规范时出错(<class 'AttributeError'>:'module' 对象没有属性 '__path__') [英] Error while finding spec for &#39;fibo.py&#39; (&lt;class &#39;AttributeError&#39;&gt;: &#39;module&#39; object has no attribute &#39;__path__&#39;)

问题描述

我在 fibo.py 文件中有一个模块，它具有以下功能 -

I have a module in a fibo.py file which has the following functions -

#fibonacci numbers module

def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
    a, b = 0, 1
    while b < n:
        print(b, end=' ')
        a, b = b, a+b
    print()

def fib2(n): # return Fibonacci series up to n
    result = []
    a, b = 0, 1
    while b < n:
        result.append(b)
        a, b = b, a+b
    return result

现在当我从 cli python3 运行模块时 -

Now when I run the module from the cli python3 as -

> python3 -m fibo.py

我收到错误

Error while finding spec for 'fibo.py' (<class 'AttributeError'>:
'module' object has no attribute '__path__')

__path__ 变量具有当前目录.我不知道如何解决这个问题.

The __path__ variable has has the current dir . I am not sure how to fix this.

推荐答案

有两种方法可以运行 Python 3 脚本.

There are two ways you can run a Python 3 script.

1. python fibo.py:参数是.py 文件的名称.点是文件名的一部分.
2. python -m fibo:参数是 Python 模块的名称，不带 .py.点表示包裹；fibo.py 表示fibo 包中的模块py."

1. python fibo.py: The argument is the name of the .py file. Dots are part of the filename.
2. python -m fibo: The argument is the name of a Python module, without .py. Dots indicate packages; fibo.py means "the module py in the package fibo."

对于像您这样的简单脚本来说，这是一个小小的区别.但是对于更大或更复杂的事情，它对 import 语句的行为有重要影响:

This is a small distinction for a simple script like yours. But for something bigger or more complex, it has an important effect on the behavior of the import statement:

1. 第一种形式将导致 import 搜索 .py 文件所在的目录(然后搜索各种其他位置，包括标准库；参见 sys.path 获取完整列表.
2. 第二种形式将使 import 搜索 当前 目录(然后是其他各种位置).

1. The first form will cause import to search the directory where the .py file lives (and then search various other places including the standard library; see sys.path for a full list).
2. The second form will make import search the current directory (and then various other places).

因此，在 Python 3 下，大多数涉及包的设置(而不仅仅是目录中的松散模块)都需要第二种形式，因为脚本的父包可能无法在第一种形式下导入，即可能会导致事情破裂.

For this reason, under Python 3, the second form is required for most setups which involve packages (rather than just loose modules in a directory), since the parent package of the script may not be importable under the first form, which can cause things to break.

但是对于像这样的简单脚本，任何一种形式都可以.

But for a simple script like this, either form is fine.

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