在 Spring Boot MVC 应用程序中在 JPA 和 Mongo 之间切换 [英] Switch between JPA and Mongo in Spring Boot MVC app

问题描述

我有一个用 Spring boot 编写的 Web 应用程序，它主要使用 JPA 作为数据库.我有一个简单的实体，然后我有一个存储库，它使用一些从数据库中获取数据的方法扩展 CrudRepository.基本上本教程中的所有内容 https://spring.io/guides/gs/accessing-data-jpa/

I have this web app written in Spring boot and it mainly uses JPA for database. I have a simple entity and then I have a repository that extends CrudRepository with some methods that fetch data from the database. Basically everything from this tutorial https://spring.io/guides/gs/accessing-data-jpa/

但现在我需要第二个数据库，它必须是 MongoDB.一切都与 JPA 相同，但现在我有了一个新的存储库类，这次扩展了 MongoRepository.

But now I need to have a second database and it must be MongoDB. Everything is identical to the JPA, but now I have a new repository class, that this time extends MongoRepository.

public interface CustomerRepository extends CrudRepository<Customer, Long> {

    List<Customer> findByLastName(String lastName);
}

public interface CustomerRepositoryMongo extends MongoRepository<Customer, Long> {

    List<Customer> findByLastName(String lastName);
}

所以现在我有两个类，CustomerRepository 和 CustomerRepositoryMongo.在我的主要内容中，我像这样填充数据库:

So now I have two classes, CustomerRepository and CustomerRepositoryMongo. In my main I am filling the db like this:

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }

    @Bean
    public CommandLineRunner demo(CustomerRepository repository) {
        return (args) -> {
            // save a couple of customers
            repository.save(new Customer("Jack", "Bauer"));
            repository.save(new Customer("Chloe", "O'Brian"));
        };
    }

}

如何在两个数据库之间轻松切换?我想我可能应该使用配置文件并在 application.properties 中的某个位置选择哪个配置文件应该处于活动状态，但我对此很陌生，我不知道该怎么做.我不能让两个接口具有相同的名称，而且我需要以某种方式告诉 commandLineRunner 它应该使用哪个存储库.

How can I easily switch between the two dbs? I think I should maybe use profiles and select somewhere in application.properties which profile should be active, but I am new to this and I have no idea how to do it. I cannot have both interfaces with the same name and somehow I need to tell the commandLineRunner which repo should it use.

推荐答案

你说得对，你想使用配置文件.

You are correct, you want to use profiles.

@Bean( name = "customerRepository" )
@Profile( "jpa")
CrudRepository getCustomerRepository()
{
    return _customerRepository;
}

@Bean( name = "customerRepository" )
@Profile( "mongo")
MongoRepository getCustomerRepositoryMongo()
{
    return _customerRepositoryMongo;
}

@Autowired
@Qualifier("customerRepository")
CrudRepository _crudRepository;

在 application.properties 中，您现在可以将 spring.profiles.active 设置为 jpa 或 mongo 以在数据库之间切换.

In application.properties, you can now set spring.profiles.active to jpa or mongo to switch between databases.

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