将字符串分配给 C 中结构中的元素 [英] Assign string to element in structure in C

问题描述

我有这个结构:

typedef struct SM_DB
{
    LIST_TYPE           link;
    char                name[SM_NAME_SIZE];
} SM_DB_TYPE;

我想为其名称"分配一个字符串.我是这样做的:

And I would like to assign a string to its 'name'. I am doing so like this:

SM_DB_TYPE one;
one.name = "Alpha";

但是，编译后我得到一个错误:错误 C2106:'=':左操作数必须是左值".我希望这是相当明显的.有谁知道我做错了什么?

However, after compiling I get an error: "error C2106: '=' : left operand must be l-value". I am hoping this is fairly obvious. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?

谢谢

推荐答案

假设 SM_NAME_SIZE 足够大，你可以像这样使用 strcpy:

Assuming SM_NAME_SIZE is large enough you could just use strcpy like so:

strcpy(one.name, "Alpha");

在执行 strcpy 之前，请确保您的目的地有足够的空间来容纳字符串，否则您会遇到缓冲区溢出.

Just make sure your destination has enough space to hold the string before doing strcpy your you will get a buffer overflow.

如果你想安全，你可以这样做

If you want to play it safe you could do

if(!(one.name = malloc(strlen("Alpha") + 1))) //+1 is to make room for the NULL char that terminates C strings
{
      //allocation failed
}
strcpy(one.name, "Alpha");  //note that '\0' is not included with Alpha, it is handled by strcpy
//do whatever with one.name
free(one.name) //release space previously allocated

如果使用 malloc，请确保释放 one.name 以免浪费内存.

Make sure you free one.name if using malloc so that you don't waste memory.

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