只有 1 个元素存储的数组超出应有的存储量 [英] Array with only 1 element storing more than it should

问题描述

我的代码如下:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct{

    char ID[1];
    char Content[4];
}

int main(){

    DATA z[1];
    DATA t;
    int c1, c2;

    scanf("%c",z[1].ID);
    scanf("%s",z[1].Content);

    printf("\n");

    c1=strlen(z[1].ID);
    c2=strlen(z[1].Content);

    t=z[1];

    printf("t:\n");
    printf("%s\n",t.ID);
    printf("%s\n",t.Content);

    printf("\n");

    printf("z:\n");
    printf("%s\n",z[1].ID);
    printf("%s\n",z[1].Content);

    printf("\n");

    printf("Length of z's ID: %d.\n",c1);
    printf("Length of z's Content: %d.\n",c2);
}

这就是我执行它时得到的:

And this is what I get when executing it:

8
3092

t:
83092
3092

z:
83092
3092

Length of z's ID: 5.
Length of z's Content: 4.

我不知道为什么 ID 应该只有 1 个元素时却有 1 个以上的元素.请帮忙，因为我需要为我正在处理的项目解决这个问题.谢谢.

I don't know why the ID has more than 1 element when it should only have 1. Please help, because I need to fix this for a project I'm working on. Thanks.

推荐答案

我觉得有几个问题.

首先，您在长度为 1 的 z 上使用索引 1.您应该使用索引 0.

First, you use the index 1 on z which has a length of 1. You should use the index 0.

其次，您使用 %s 打印 ID，它需要一个以空字符结尾的字符数组.您的角色 ID 不是以 null 结尾的，因此它读取的内容比您预期的要多(它会在内容中继续显示).请注意，内容实际上是以空字符结尾的，因为您使用了 %s 而不是 %c.

Second, you print the ID with %s which expects a null-terminated character array. Your character ID is not null-terminated and therefore it reads more than you expect (it keeps on going in the Content). Note that Content is in fact null-terminated because you used %s instead of %c.

尝试将 printf("%s\n",t.ID); 更改为 printf("%c\n",t.ID);.

我监督您在长度为 4 的数组中存储 5 个字符(4 个字符和空终止符).正如 @David Bowling 所建议的，您应该使用 %3s 或至少更大尺寸的大批.感谢@David Bowling 指出这一点！

I oversaw that you are storing 5 chars (4 chars and the null-termination) in an array of length 4. As @David Bowling suggests, you should use %3s or at least a bigger size of your array. Thanks to @David Bowling for pointing that out!

请注意，我还没有对此进行测试，因为您的示例代码仍然无法正常工作.

Be aware that I have still not tested this, as your example code is still not working.

这篇关于只有 1 个元素存储的数组超出应有的存储量的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！