如何模拟服务?
[英] How to mock service?
本文介绍了如何模拟服务?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我的 LoginComponent 中有登录功能:
登录(){this.loading = true;this.subscription = this.authenticationService.login(this.model.username, this.model.password).订阅(结果 => {this.em.changeNav(1);this.loading = false;this.Auth.setToken(result);this.router.navigate(['/code']);this.subscription.unsubscribe();},错误 =>{this.error = JSON.parse(err._body).error;this.loading = false;});}
this.authenticationService.login 是向 api 发送 http 请求的服务...
测试如下:
it('应该登录', fakeAsync(() => {间谍(组件，'登录')；let button = fixture.debugElement.nativeElement.querySelector('button');button.click();//检查登录功能是否被调用fixture.whenStable().then(() => {期望(component.login).toHaveBeenCalled();})}));
如何模拟 this.authenticationService.login 服务并在订阅方法中断言?
编辑
测试:
import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed, fakeAsync, tick, inject } from '@angular/core/testing';从'@angular/platform-browser' 导入 { By };从@angular/core"导入{DebugElement}；从@angular/forms"导入 { FormsModule, ReactiveFormsModule };从 '@angular/router/testing' 导入 { RouterTestingModule };从 '@angular/router' 导入 {Router}；import { Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, XHRBackend, RequestOptions, ConnectionBackend, Headers, HttpModule, BaseRequestOptions } from '@angular/http';从 './login.service' 导入 {LoginService}；进口 {模拟后端，模拟连接来自'@angular/http/testing';从'../emitter.service'导入{EmitterService}；从'../auth-token.service'导入{AuthTokenService}；import { LoginComponent } from './login.component';从 'rxjs' 导入 {Observable}；描述('登录组件'，()=> {让后端:MockBackend；让服务:登录服务；让组件:LoginComponent;让夹具:ComponentFixture;beforeEach(async(() => {类 LoginServiceStub {登录() { }};类路由器存根{导航(网址:字符串){返回网址；}}TestBed.configureTestingModule({声明:[登录组件]，进口:[表单模块，Http模块，反应形式模块，路由器测试模块],供应商: [登录服务，发射器服务，身份验证服务，{ 提供:登录服务，使用类:登录服务存根 }，//{ 提供:路由器，useClass:RouterStub }]}).compileComponents();}));beforeEach(() => {夹具 = TestBed.createComponent(LoginComponent);组件 = 夹具.componentInstance;夹具.detectChanges();});it('应该创建', () => {期望(组件).toBeTruthy();});it('应该登录并导航到仪表板', fakeAsync(inject([LoginService, Router], (authService: LoginService, router: Router) => {间谍(组件，'登录')；let button = fixture.debugElement.nativeElement.querySelector('button');spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true));button.click();打钩();期望(component.login).toHaveBeenCalled();期望(component.loading).toBe(false);})));});
问题是组件中的 login 函数永远不会被调用
这是 Html 部分:
<div *ngIf="f.submitted && !username.valid" class="help-block">电子邮件是必需的</div>
<div class="form-group" [ngClass]="{ 'has-error': f.submitted && !password.valid }"><label for="password" class="cols-sm-2 control-label">密码</label><div class="cols-sm-10"><div class="input-group"><span class="input-group-addon"><i class="fa fa-lock fa-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><input type="password" placeholder="Your password" class="form-control" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password" #password="ngModel" required/>
<div *ngIf="f.submitted && !password.valid" class="help-block">需要密码</div>
<div class="form-group"><button id="login" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">登录</button><div *ngIf="error" style="margin-top: 20px;"class="text-center alert alert-danger">{{error}}</div>
<div class="form-group text-center login-down" ><a routerLink="/register" routerLinkActive="active">立即注册</a><a routerLink="/forgot" routerLinkActive="active">忘记密码</a>
</表单>
解决方案
您可以为服务创建模拟类:
class AuthenticationServiceStub {登录() {}};
然后在 configureTestingModule 中提供:
TestBed.configureTestingModule({声明:[TestComponent]，供应商: [{ 提供: AuthenticationService, useClass: AuthenticationServiceStub },{ 提供:路由器，使用类:RouterStub }]})
注入你的测试
inject([AuthenticationService, Router],(authService: AuthenticationService, 路由器: 路由器) =>
将其包装在 async(+whenStable) 或 fakeAsync(+tick) 或使用 jasmine.done 直接用于等待异步方法的执行
it('应该记录...', fakeAsync(inject([AuthenticationService, Router]
和模拟 login 方法，如:
spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true));
Plunker 示例
这是整个规范:
describe('欢迎组件测试', () => {让 comp:TestComponent；让夹具: ComponentFixture;让德:调试元素；让 el: HTMLElement;beforeEach(async(() => {类 AuthenticationServiceStub {登录() {}};类路由器存根{navigateByUrl(url: string) { return url;}}TestBed.configureTestingModule({声明:[TestComponent]，供应商: [{ 提供: AuthenticationService, useClass: AuthenticationServiceStub },{ 提供:路由器，使用类:RouterStub }]}).compileComponents()}));beforeEach(() => {夹具 = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);comp = fixture.componentInstance;de = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('.login'));el = de.nativeElement;夹具.detectChanges();});it('应该登录并导航到仪表板', fakeAsync(inject([AuthenticationService, Router], (authService: AuthenticationService, router: Router) => {const spy = spyOn(router, 'navigateByUrl');spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true));el.click();打钩();const navArgs = spy.calls.first().args[0];期望(navArgs).toBe('/dashboard');})));});
I have login function inside my LoginComponent:
login() {
this.loading = true;
this.subscription = this.authenticationService.login(this.model.username, this.model.password)
.subscribe(result => {
this.em.changeNav(1);
this.loading = false;
this.Auth.setToken(result);
this.router.navigate(['/code']);
this.subscription.unsubscribe();
},
err => {
this.error = JSON.parse(err._body).error;
this.loading = false;
});
}
this.authenticationService.login is the service which send http request to api...
Here is the test:
it('should login', fakeAsync(() => {
spyOn(component, 'login');
let button = fixture.debugElement.nativeElement.querySelector('button');
button.click();
//CHECK IF LOGIN FUNCTION CALLED
fixture.whenStable().then(() => {
expect(component.login).toHaveBeenCalled();
})
}));
How can I mock this.authenticationService.login service and assert things in subscribe method?
EDIT
Test:
import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed, fakeAsync, tick, inject } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { DebugElement } from '@angular/core';
import { FormsModule, ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';
import {Router} from '@angular/router';
import { Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, XHRBackend, RequestOptions, ConnectionBackend, Headers, HttpModule, BaseRequestOptions } from '@angular/http';
import {LoginService} from './login.service';
import {
MockBackend,
MockConnection
} from '@angular/http/testing';
import {EmitterService} from '../emitter.service';
import {AuthTokenService} from '../auth-token.service';
import { LoginComponent } from './login.component';
import {Observable} from 'rxjs';
describe('LoginComponent', () => {
let backend: MockBackend;
let service: LoginService;
let component: LoginComponent;
let fixture: ComponentFixture<LoginComponent>;
beforeEach(async(() => {
class LoginServiceStub {
login() { }
};
class RouterStub {
navigate(url: string) { return url; }
}
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
declarations: [LoginComponent],
imports: [
FormsModule,
HttpModule,
ReactiveFormsModule,
RouterTestingModule
],
providers: [
LoginService,
EmitterService,
AuthTokenService,
{ provide: LoginService, useClass: LoginServiceStub },
// { provide: Router, useClass: RouterStub }
]
})
.compileComponents();
}));
beforeEach(() => {
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(LoginComponent);
component = fixture.componentInstance;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it('should create', () => {
expect(component).toBeTruthy();
});
it('Should log in and navigate to dashboard', fakeAsync(inject([LoginService, Router], (authService: LoginService, router: Router) => {
spyOn(component, 'login');
let button = fixture.debugElement.nativeElement.querySelector('button');
spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true));
button.click();
tick();
expect(component.login).toHaveBeenCalled();
expect(component.loading).toBe(false);
})));
});
Problem with this is login function from component is never called When I console.log inside login method in component it display message...
This is Html part:
<form name="form" class="form-horizontal" (ngSubmit)="f.form.valid && login()" #f="ngForm" novalidate>
<img class="loading-img" *ngIf="loading" src="data:image/gif;base64,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" />
<div class="form-group" [ngClass]="{ 'has-error': f.submitted && !username.valid }">
<label for="username" class="cols-sm-2 control-label">Email</label>
<div class="cols-sm-10">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon"><i class="fa fa-user fa" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="username" placeholder="Your email" [(ngModel)]="model.username" #username="ngModel" required />
</div>
</div>
<div *ngIf="f.submitted && !username.valid" class="help-block">Email is required</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group" [ngClass]="{ 'has-error': f.submitted && !password.valid }">
<label for="password" class="cols-sm-2 control-label">Password</label>
<div class="cols-sm-10">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="input-group-addon"><i class="fa fa-lock fa-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
<input type="password" placeholder="Your password" class="form-control" name="password" [(ngModel)]="model.password" #password="ngModel" required />
</div>
</div>
<div *ngIf="f.submitted && !password.valid" class="help-block">Password is required</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<button id="login" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Login</button>
<div *ngIf="error" style="margin-top: 20px;" class="text-center alert alert-danger">{{error}}</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group text-center login-down" >
<a routerLink="/register" routerLinkActive="active">Register now</a>
<a routerLink="/forgot" routerLinkActive="active">Forgot password</a>
</div>
</form>
解决方案
You can create mock class for service:
class AuthenticationServiceStub {
login() {}
};
then provide it in configureTestingModule:
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
declarations: [TestComponent],
providers: [
{ provide: AuthenticationService, useClass: AuthenticationServiceStub },
{ provide: Router, useClass: RouterStub }
]
})
inject in your test
inject([AuthenticationService, Router],
(authService: AuthenticationService, router: Router) =>
wrap it in async(+whenStable) or fakeAsync(+tick) or use jasmine.done directly for waiting execution of async methods
it('Should log...', fakeAsync(inject([AuthenticationService, Router]
and mock login method like:
spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true) );
Plunker Example
Here is the entire spec:
describe('Welcome component tests', () => {
let comp: TestComponent;
let fixture: ComponentFixture<TestComponent>;
let de: DebugElement;
let el: HTMLElement;
beforeEach(async(() => {
class AuthenticationServiceStub {
login() {}
};
class RouterStub {
navigateByUrl(url: string) { return url; }
}
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
declarations: [TestComponent],
providers: [
{ provide: AuthenticationService, useClass: AuthenticationServiceStub },
{ provide: Router, useClass: RouterStub }
]
})
.compileComponents()
}));
beforeEach(() => {
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);
comp = fixture.componentInstance;
de = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('.login'));
el = de.nativeElement;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it('Should log in and navigate to dashboard', fakeAsync(inject([AuthenticationService, Router], (authService: AuthenticationService, router: Router) => {
const spy = spyOn(router, 'navigateByUrl');
spyOn(authService, 'login').and.returnValue(Observable.of(true) );
el.click();
tick();
const navArgs = spy.calls.first().args[0];
expect(navArgs).toBe('/dashboard');
})));
});
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