泽西岛 - 如何模拟服务 [英] Jersey - How to mock service
问题描述
我使用Jersey测试框架对我的网络服务进行单元测试。
I am using "Jersey Test Framework" for unit testing my webservice.
这是我的资源类：
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
// The Java class will be hosted at the URI path "/helloworld"
@Path("/helloworld")
public class class HelloWorldResource {
private SomeService service;
@GET
@Produces("text/plain")
public String getClichedMessage() {
// Return some cliched textual content
String responseFromSomeService = service.getSomething();
return responseFromSomeService;
}
}
如何在单元测试中模拟SomeService？
How can I mock SomeService in unit tests ?
推荐答案
请参阅下面的更新：您不需要工厂
See Update below: You don't need a Factory
如果您使用的是泽西2，则一种解决方案是使用 HK2 - 与Jersey dist一起提供）。当然，还需要一个Mocking框架。我将使用Mockito。
If you are using Jersey 2, one solution would be to use Custom Injection and Lifecycle Management feature (with HK2 - which comes with the Jersey dist). Also required would be a Mocking framework of course. I'm going to use Mockito.
首先使用模拟实例创建一个Factory：
First create a Factory with mocked instance:
public static interface GreetingService {
public String getGreeting(String name);
}
public static class MockGreetingServiceFactory
implements Factory<GreetingService> {
@Override
public GreetingService provide() {
final GreetingService mockedService
= Mockito.mock(GreetingService.class);
Mockito.when(mockedService.getGreeting(Mockito.anyString()))
.thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
@Override
public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation)
throws Throwable {
String name = (String)invocation.getArguments()[0];
return "Hello " + name;
}
});
return mockedService;
}
@Override
public void dispose(GreetingService t) {}
}
然后使用 AbstractBinder 将工厂绑定到接口/服务类，并注册绑定器。 （这些都在上面的链接中描述）：
Then use the AbstractBinder to bind the factory to the interface/service class, and register the binder. (It's all described in the link above):
@Override
public Application configure() {
AbstractBinder binder = new AbstractBinder() {
@Override
protected void configure() {
bindFactory(MockGreetingServiceFactory.class)
.to(GreetingService.class);
}
};
ResourceConfig config = new ResourceConfig(GreetingResource.class);
config.register(binder);
return config;
}
看起来很多，但它只是一个选项。我不太熟悉测试框架，或者它是否具有注射的模拟功能。
Seems like a lot, but it's just an option. I'm not too familiar with the test framework, or if it has an mocking capabilities for injection.
这是完整的测试：
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientBuilder;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Application;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import org.glassfish.hk2.api.Factory;
import org.glassfish.hk2.utilities.binding.AbstractBinder;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
import org.glassfish.jersey.test.JerseyTest;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;
public class ServiceMockingTest extends JerseyTest {
@Path("/greeting")
public static class GreetingResource {
@Inject
private GreetingService greetingService;
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
public String getGreeting(@QueryParam("name") String name) {
return greetingService.getGreeting(name);
}
}
public static interface GreetingService {
public String getGreeting(String name);
}
public static class MockGreetingServiceFactory
implements Factory<GreetingService> {
@Override
public GreetingService provide() {
final GreetingService mockedService
= Mockito.mock(GreetingService.class);
Mockito.when(mockedService.getGreeting(Mockito.anyString()))
.thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {
@Override
public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation)
throws Throwable {
String name = (String)invocation.getArguments()[0];
return "Hello " + name;
}
});
return mockedService;
}
@Override
public void dispose(GreetingService t) {}
}
@Override
public Application configure() {
AbstractBinder binder = new AbstractBinder() {
@Override
protected void configure() {
bindFactory(MockGreetingServiceFactory.class)
.to(GreetingService.class);
}
};
ResourceConfig config = new ResourceConfig(GreetingResource.class);
config.register(binder);
return config;
}
@Test
public void testMockedGreetingService() {
Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
Response response = client.target("http://localhost:9998/greeting")
.queryParam("name", "peeskillet")
.request(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN).get();
Assert.assertEquals(200, response.getStatus());
String msg = response.readEntity(String.class);
Assert.assertEquals("Hello peeskillet", msg);
System.out.println("Message: " + msg);
response.close();
client.close();
}
}
此测试的依赖关系：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.test-framework.providers</groupId>
<artifactId>jersey-test-framework-provider-grizzly2</artifactId>
<version>2.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.9.0</version>
</dependency>
更新
所以在大多数情况下，你真的不需要 Factory 。您可以简单地将模拟实例与其合约绑定：
UPDATE
So in most cases, you really don't need a Factory. You can simply bind the mock instance with its contract:
@Mock
private Service service;
@Override
public ResourceConfig configure() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
return new ResourceConfig()
.register(MyResource.class)
.register(new AbstractBinder() {
@Override
protected configure() {
bind(service).to(Service.class);
}
});
}
@Test
public void test() {
when(service.getSomething()).thenReturn("Something");
// test
}
更简单！
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