如何编写自定义printf? [英] How to write custom printf?

问题描述

我有问题.我尝试制作自定义 printf() 但是当我编译这段代码时，输​​出似乎不像预测的那样.

I have a problem. I try to make custom printf() but when I compile this code, the output doesn't seem to come as predicted.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
void print(char *, ...);

int main()
{
    char str[12]="World";
    char c='A';
    int i=100;
    print("Hello %s %c", str, c);
}

void print(char *c, ...)
{
    char *s;
    va_list lst;
    va_start(lst, c);
    while(*c!='\0')
    {
        if(*c!='%')
        {
            putchar(*c);
            c++;
            continue;
        }
        c++;
        switch(*c)
        {
        case 's': fputs(va_arg(lst, char *), stdout); break;
        case 'c': putchar(va_arg(lst, int)); break;
        }
    }    
}

输出里面好像来了:Hello World输出:Hello Worlds AC我不明白为什么会出现 's, c'.

Output which seem to come:Hello World Output: Hello Worlds Ac I can't figure out why 's, c' appears.

推荐答案

你没有在 switch case 之后增加指针 c，所以 while 循环会为你使用的字符再次运行选项.

You aren't incrementing the pointer c after your switch case, so the while loop runs again for the characters you are using as options.

只需在 switch case 后添加 c++，就像这样:

Just add c++ after your switch case, like so:

void print(char *c, ...)
{
    char *s;
    va_list lst;
    va_start(lst, c);
    while(*c!='\0')
    {
        if(*c!='%')
        {
            putchar(*c);
            c++;
            continue;
        }
        c++;
        switch(*c)
        {
            case 's': fputs(va_arg(lst, char *), stdout); break;
            case 'c': putchar(va_arg(lst, int)); break;
        }
        c++;
    }
}

进行此更改后，我建议您找到某种方法来处理 % 出现在字符串末尾的情况，以避免遇到缓冲区溢出.例如，在切换之前，可能会检查我们是否到达了空终止符，如果是，则跳出循环.

After making this change, I would recommend finding some way of also handling the case where the % appears at the end of the string, to avoid running into a buffer overflow. For example, before the switch, maybe check if we have reached a null terminator, and if so, break out of the loop.

void print(char *c, ...)
{
    char *s;
    va_list lst;
    va_start(lst, c);
    while(*c != '\0')
    {
        if(*c != '%')
        {
            putchar(*c);
            c++;
            continue;
        }

        c++;

        if(*c == '\0')
        {
            break;
        }

        switch(*c)
        {
            case 's': fputs(va_arg(lst, char *), stdout); break;
            case 'c': putchar(va_arg(lst, int)); break;
        }
        c++;
    }
}

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