Windows 7 Professional:无法安装Visual C++的“Visual C++ 2015常用工具"特征 [英] Windows 7 Professional: Fails to install Visual C++'s "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015" feature

问题描述

以下是我的本地开发环境的详细信息:

Here are the details about my local development environment:

-Windows 7 专业版

-Windows 7 Professional

-Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4590T CPU @ 2.00GHz 2.00 GHz

-Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4590T CPU @ 2.00GHz 2.00 GHz

-8 GB 内存

-64 位操作系统

-Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 版本 14.0.25431.01

-Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 Version 14.0.25431.01

-.NET 框架 4.6.1

-.NET Framework 4.6.1

我更改了Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 with updates"在 Windows 操作系统的程序和功能"中以便我可以添加Visual C++ 2015 的常用工具".

I change the "Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 with updates" in Windows OS's "Programs and Features" so that I can add "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015".

当我执行更改运行时，更新进度误导性地指出更新运行正常.

When I execute the change run, the update progress Misleadingly states that the updates ran properly.

然而，它仍然没有安装Visual C++的Visual C++ 2015的通用工具"；特征.我知道这是一个事实，因为如果我更改Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 with updates"在 Windows 操作系统的程序和功能"中然后我得到以下窗口，其中包含 Visual C++ 的Visual C++ 2015 的通用工具"；未选中:

However, it still does Not to install Visual C++'s "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015" feature. I know this for a fact because if I change the "Microsoft Visual Studio Enterprise 2015 with updates" in Windows OS's "Programs and Features" then I get the following window with the Visual C++'s "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015" being Unchecked:

这是否是 Windows 7 Professional 的技术限制，因为我无法安装 Visual C++ 的Visual C++ 2015 通用工具"?功能?

Is it a technical limitation for Windows 7 Professional since I can't install Visual C++'s "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015" feature?

推荐答案

这是 VS2015 安装程序的一个臭名昭著的问题.它不够激进，它依赖注册表来确定是否已经安装了子组件.但实际上并不验证文件是否仍然存在，它仅使用注册表检查.因此，如果注册表不稳定，那么它会经历所有安装动作，似乎没有任何问题，但是完成后它仍然无法正常工作.

This is a notorious problem with the VS2015 installer. It is not aggressive enough, it relies on the registry to determine if a sub-component is already installed. But doesn't actually verify if the files are still there, it solely uses the registry check. So if the registry is wonky then it goes through all the install motions, nothing seems to go wrong, but when it is done then it still doesn't work correctly.

知道这台机器之前到底发生了什么非常重要，但每个人都忘记了 2 年多前他们做了什么.一个臭名昭著的问题是以前安装了 VS 的预览版.卸载程序始终是他们在发布 RTM 版本之前做的最后一件事.有一个清理工具可用于修复这种注册表污染.

Exactly what happened to the machine previously is pretty important to know, but everybody forgot what they did 2+ years ago. One notorious problem is previously having a preview version of VS installed. The uninstaller is always the last thing they get right just before shipping the RTM version. There is a clean-up tool available to fix that kind of registry pollution.

值得注意的是，此问题对于Visual C++ 的通用工具"子组件尤其常见.几乎可以肯定是由于该组件也可以作为 单独下载.该下载应该仅用于设置构建服务器.但可预见的结果是，有人在自己的开发机器上开始使用它，然后决定他们需要 VS.

Noteworthy is that this problem is especially common for the "Common tools for Visual C++" sub-component. Almost certainly caused by this component also being available as a separate download. That download is supposed to be only used to setup a build server. But the predictable outcome is that somebody gets started on it on their own dev machine but then decide that they need VS instead.

在 MSDN 论坛上有很多关于这个特定安装问题的帖子.但是他们都遇到了完全相同的问题，Microsoft 支持人员只能做到检查这个，检查那个"，但实际上他们都不知道如何修复注册表损坏.

There are a lot of threads at the MSDN Forums about this specific install problem. But they all suffer from the exact same issue, the Microsoft support people only get as far as "check this, check that" but none of them actually know how to repair the registry damage.

我所知道的唯一成功的解决方法是积极卸载.所以用户从来没有告诉我它没有用"，但他们也没有告诉我谢谢老兄，它有效".奇怪的顺便说一句，我不知道有多少人只是放弃并决定重新安装操作系统.您可以通过从提升的命令提示符启动安装程序并使用/uninstall/force 选项运行它来使其具有侵略性./force 选项很重要，即使注册表不配合，它也会使卸载程序继续运行.

The only workaround I know that is reasonably successful is to aggressively uninstall. SO users never told me "it didn't work", but they also don't tell me "thanks dude, it worked". Odd btw, I can't tell how many of them just gave up and decided to reinstall the OS. You make it aggressive by starting the installer from an elevated command prompt and running it with /uninstall /force option. The /force option is the important one, it makes the uninstaller plow on even if the registry doesn't co-operate.

因为单独下载很可能是不幸的，所以我会从那里开始.如果您的机器上没有它，请再次下载.接下来以同样的方式卸载 VS2015，即使安装程序失败也要这样做.如果您有理由假设机器暴露于预览版本，那么也可以使用清理工具.无论如何也可以使用它，只有这样才能确定.

Since it is likely that the separate download was involved with is mishap, I'd start there. Download it again if you don't have it on the machine anymore. Next uninstall VS2015 the same way, do so even if the installer failed. If you have a reason to assume that the machine was exposed to a preview version then also use the cleanup tool. Might as well use it regardless, only way to be sure.

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