从另一个目录运行 python 脚本 [英] Run python script from another directory

问题描述

我不知道这一点我觉得有点愚蠢，但我今天尝试这样做，但当它不起作用时感到惊讶......

I feel a little foolish that I don't know this, but I tried to do it today and was surprised when it didn't work....

我有一个带有演示脚本的目录 C:\test，我们称之为 demo.py

I have a directory C:\test with a demo script, lets call it demo.py

1. 如果我在 C:\test 中，那么我可以只做 python demo.py.简单
2. 我也可以使用相对路径，所以从 C:\ 开始，它是 python test\demo.py

1. If i am in C:\test then I can just do python demo.py. Easy
2. I could also use a relative path, so from C:\, it's python test\demo.py

如果 C:\test 在路径上怎么办?

我希望现在能够从任何地方执行 python demo.py 但是...

I was expecting to be able to now do python demo.py from anywhere however...

python: can't open file 'demo.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

我觉得自己很愚蠢，因为我认为这很简单，但我四处搜索并没有找到解决方案.我是否从根本上误解了 Python 解释器如何找到要运行的脚本?我不认为这与 PYTHONPATH 有任何关系，因为我理解这与在脚本中加载模块有关.

I feel foolish because I thought this was straightforward, but I have searched around and have not found a solution. Am I fundamentally misunderstanding something here about how the Python interpreter finds scripts to run? I don't think this is anything to do with PYTHONPATH, as I understood that to relate to loading of modules inside scripts.

顺便说一下，这是在 Windows 7 上.

This is on Windows 7, by the way.

推荐答案

PATH 仅用于搜索命令.第一种方法是 Python 脚本可以直接用作命令，在这种情况下将使用 PATH:只需使用 demo.py 而不是 pythondemo.py.

The PATH is only used to search for commands. A first way is that a Python script can be used directly as a command and in that case the PATH will be used: just use demo.py instead of python demo.py.

它将依赖于操作系统特定的方式.在 Windows 上，文件类型(由扩展名 - 这里是 .py 给出)可以被赋予默认的应用程序来处理它们，而在类 Unix 上，脚本的第一行可以声明将处理它的程序.

It will rely on OS specific ways. On Windows, file type (given by the extension - here .py) can be given default application to process them, while on Unix-like, the first line of a script can declare the program that will process it.

或者，python 允许使用 python -m module 启动将在 PYTHONPATH(not PATH)中搜索的 module 或对于 Windows py -m 模块.

Alternatively, python allows to launch a module that will be searched in the PYTHONPATH (not PATH) by using python -m module or for Windows py -m module.

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