如何用 Python 解析 SOAP XML? [英] How to parse SOAP XML with Python?

问题描述

目标:获取 标签内的值并打印出来.下面是简化的 XML.

Goal: Get the values inside <Name> tags and print them out. Simplified XML below.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   <soap:Body>
      <GetStartEndPointResponse xmlns="http://www.etis.fskab.se/v1.0/ETISws">
         <GetStartEndPointResult>
            <Code>0</Code>
            <Message />
            <StartPoints>
               <Point>
                  <Id>545</Id>
                  <Name>Get Me</Name>
                  <Type>sometype</Type>
                  <X>333</X>
                  <Y>222</Y>
               </Point>
               <Point>
                  <Id>634</Id>
                  <Name>Get me too</Name>
                  <Type>sometype</Type>
                  <X>555</X>
                  <Y>777</Y>
               </Point>
            </StartPoints>
         </GetStartEndPointResult>
      </GetStartEndPointResponse>
   </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

尝试:

import requests
from xml.etree import ElementTree

response = requests.get('http://www.labs.skanetrafiken.se/v2.2/querystation.asp?inpPointfr=yst')

# XML parsing here
dom = ElementTree.fromstring(response.text)
names = dom.findall('*/Name')
for name in names:
    print(name.text)

我读过其他人推荐 zeep 解析soap xml，但我发现很难理解.

I have read other people recommending zeep to parse soap xml but I found it hard to get my head around.

推荐答案

这里的问题是处理 XML 命名空间:

The issue here is dealing with the XML namespaces:

import requests
from xml.etree import ElementTree

response = requests.get('http://www.labs.skanetrafiken.se/v2.2/querystation.asp?inpPointfr=yst')

# define namespace mappings to use as shorthand below
namespaces = {
    'soap': 'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/',
    'a': 'http://www.etis.fskab.se/v1.0/ETISws',
}
dom = ElementTree.fromstring(response.content)

# reference the namespace mappings here by `<name>:`
names = dom.findall(
    './soap:Body'
    '/a:GetStartEndPointResponse'
    '/a:GetStartEndPointResult'
    '/a:StartPoints'
    '/a:Point'
    '/a:Name',
    namespaces,
)
for name in names:
    print(name.text)

命名空间来自 xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" 和 xmlns="http://www.etis.分别位于 Envelope 和 GetStartEndPointResponse 节点上的 fskab.se/v1.0/ETISws" 属性.

The namespaces come from the xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" and xmlns="http://www.etis.fskab.se/v1.0/ETISws" attributes on the Envelope and GetStartEndPointResponse nodes respectively.

请记住，即使名称空间未在子标签上明确指定为 <namespace:tag>，父节点的所有子节点也会继承名称空间.

Keep in mind, a namespace is inherited by all children nodes of a parent even if the namespace isn't explicitly specified on the child's tag as <namespace:tag>.

注意:我必须使用 response.content 而不是 response.body.

Note: I had to use response.content rather than response.body.

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