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Selenium Python UnboundLocalError:在赋值之前引用了局部变量“元素"
[英] Selenium Python UnboundLocalError: local variable 'element' referenced before assignment
本文介绍了Selenium Python UnboundLocalError:在赋值之前引用了局部变量“元素"的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我正在尝试单击包含文本Clean feed crm"的 span 标签使用 XPATH 定位器.我收到错误:
UnboundLocalError:赋值前引用了局部变量元素"
完整的错误跟踪:
回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):文件C:\Webdriver\ClearCore\TestCases\OperationsPage_TestCase.py"，第 56 行，在 test_add_and_run_clean_processprocess_lists_page.click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(Globals.process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm)文件C:\Webdriver\ClearCore\Pages\operations.py"，第 90 行，在 click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab 中clean_feed_crm_element = self.get_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')文件C:\Webdriver\ClearCore 501\Pages\base.py"，第 31 行，在 get_element 中返回元素UnboundLocalError:在赋值之前引用了局部变量元素"
如果我使用绝对完整的 XPATH，它工作正常.它显示错误的相对 XPATH.
有效的完整绝对 XPATH 是:
(by.XPATH, 'html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/div/div[7]/div/div[3]/div/div[4]/div/div[2]/div/div[4]/div/div[3]/div/div[3]/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/span[1]/span')
不起作用的相对 XPATH 是:
(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')
HTML 是:
<div id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks" class="GPI5XK1CDG" __gwtcellbasedwidgetimpldispatchingfocus="true" __gwtcellbasedwidgetimpldispatchingblur="true" role="tree"><div style="overflow: hidden;"><div><div><div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="1" aria-expanded="true" aria-level="1"><div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CAG" style="padding-left: 0px;"><div style="overflow: hidden;"><div><div><div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="1" aria-level="2"><div class="GPI5XK1CIF" style="padding-left: 16px;"><div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CKF" style="padding-left: 16px;position:relative;"onclick=""><div style="position:absolute;display:none;"/><div class="GPI5XK1CLF"><div style="padding-left: 22px;position:relative;zoom:1;"><div style="left:0px;margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;top:50%;line-height:0px;">< IMG BORDER = 0" 的风格=宽度:16px的;高度:16px的;背景:URL(数据:图像/PNG; BASE64，iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAC2UlEQVR42mNgQANlZ1PqG84XfA7YYVsG5AqBaK + lFnM0E5RUgXx2IGZkwAbq99ezgCTTj4Wu//JRW/+ 68/mf3BeZ7ei5XPdv6 + M1/y2btBcC5TWghqCCwlPxzZ2Xqz/FHfbe3Xu57uudTzf+ H3i + 4//eZ1v/H3257//aB4v/a8XKrxE1Esw2LFDzBGrhAGImuAFdl2s +/fjz/F + r7y/+ H3qxG6zx0ruz/8 ++ Of5/x5P1/7c8Xv2/9lzu/7Izqf/9N9t8E9bidwZq44d5h9Fvo9XMlffn/Z/x6iBY040Pl/8vuTvj/7bH68BiMENAdOnplP/SdqJTgfr0wd7xXmnu6DTTcOmcWxP + 73m25f+ tj9f + B +6瓦特/afoJb5TNVRmHVDDl11PN/0HhQPQm//NazQ/sQuzgwxwB2IehsiDLr9AzgXZClJ49f0FYIDpXAVKLgHiCu81lis3PloBNgAYoP8NclVuc0lwTgbKOQAxN0PIPvuXR17u + X/wxS6wE0 ++ PgyKgT9mNRpL/TZat0253v5m3cMl/0GGgLy56v6C/4YFqg + Bmr3B4WDdot3usdjsg + 96K7AhIFeAYgCkCaQBRIP8D2JXns0AG6CdqHAXqLkYiGVBgSjMq8CdELjd9jvIAFDAgTDIyTA2SBPI/0CNT2UcRHfwynLNRTaAxahQrQ8U1yvuzQX7E2TrmgeLwDHRdKH4/9K7s/5Pu9H1X85VfC9Q/UwgzgVie2hUMjDopSs5A13wy3GywX + TMvXHwFj4DfJz4mG//1bNOv8yjoX + m3trIsjvT4HKa6FRyAfEzLC0xCnvKp4ibiI4CcieoREpe7DjUuV/0wqNn8yczEsF1XkXgdiiBoKrgPLlQCyHnidAHBEgtgRiJzlXiUagS35J24psAfJBhkYwczAnQjUHgsINW34CpW1OcOKAGOYBypxAHAXE8kAsBsSKUDkWBgIApEAISSMr1JWM6E4HAJKeit5kyDtvAAAACCtm0px；src="http://justin-pc.infoshare.local:8080/clearcore501/ClearCore/clear.cache.gif" onload="this.__gwtLastUnhandledEvent="load";"/>
<div><跨度><span class=" myinlineblock" title="Clean feed crm" style="white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;empty-cells:show;width:100%;margin-right:-14px;">Clean feed crm</span></span><跨度><span class="" title="关闭或打开任务."样式=""><input type="checkbox" checked="" tabindex="-1"/></span></span>
<div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="2" aria-level="2"><div class="GPI5XK1CIF" style="padding-left: 16px;"><div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CKF" style="padding-left: 16px;position:relative;"onclick=""><div style="position:absolute;display:none;"/><div class="GPI5XK1CLF"><div style="padding-left: 22px;position:relative;zoom:1;"><div style="left:0px;margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;top:50%;line-height:0px;">< IMG BORDER = 0" 的风格=宽度:16px的;高度:16px的;背景:URL(数据:图像/PNG; BASE64，iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAQCAYAAAAf8/9hAAAC2UlEQVR42mNgQANlZ1PqG84XfA7YYVsG5AqBaK + lFnM0E5RUgXx2IGZkwAbq99ezgCTTj4Wu//JRW/+ 68/mf3BeZ7ei5XPdv6 + M1/y2btBcC5TWghqCCwlPxzZ2Xqz/FHfbe3Xu57uudTzf+ H3i + 4//eZ1v/H3257//aB4v/a8XKrxE1Esw2LFDzBGrhAGImuAFdl2s +/fjz/F + r7y/+ H3qxG6zx0ruz/8 ++ Of5/x5P1/7c8Xv2/9lzu/7Izqf/9N9t8E9bidwZq44d5h9Fvo9XMlffn/Z/x6iBY040Pl/8vuTvj/7bH68BiMENAdOnplP/SdqJTgfr0wd7xXmnu6DTTcOmcWxP + 73m25f+ tj9f + B +6瓦特/afoJb5TNVRmHVDDl11PN/0HhQPQm//NazQ/sQuzgwxwB2IehsiDLr9AzgXZClJ49f0FYIDpXAVKLgHiCu81lis3PloBNgAYoP8NclVuc0lwTgbKOQAxN0PIPvuXR17u + X/wxS6wE0 ++ PgyKgT9mNRpL/TZat0253v5m3cMl/0GGgLy56v6C/4YFqg + Bmr3B4WDdot3usdjsg + 96K7AhIFeAYgCkCaQBRIP8D2JXns0AG6CdqHAXqLkYiGVBgSjMq8CdELjd9jvIAFDAgTDIyTA2SBPI/0CNT2UcRHfwynLNRTaAxahQrQ8U1yvuzQX7E2TrmgeLwDHRdKH4/9K7s/5Pu9H1X85VfC9Q/UwgzgVie2hUMjDopSs5A13wy3GywX + TMvXHwFj4DfJz4mG//1bNOv8yjoX + m3trIsjvT4HKa6FRyAfEzLC0xCnvKp4ibiI4CcieoREpe7DjUuV/0wqNn8yczEsF1XkXgdiiBoKrgPLlQCyHnidAHBEgtgRiJzlXiUagS35J24psAfJBhkYwczAnQjUHgsINW34CpW1OcOKAGOYBypxAHAXE8kAsBsSKUDkWBgIApEAISSMr1JWM6E4HAJKeit5kyDtvAAAACCtm0px；src="http://justin-pc.infoshare.local:8080/clearcore501/ClearCore/clear.cache.gif" onload="this.__gwtLastUnhandledEvent="load";"/>
<div><跨度><span class="myinlineblock" title="Clean feed escr" style="white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;empty-cells:show;width:100%;margin-right:-14px;">Clean feed escr</span></span><跨度><span class="" title="关闭或打开任务."样式=""><input type="checkbox" checked="" tabindex="-1"/></span></span>
我的方法实现是:
def click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(self, feed):# 参数:饲料:干净饲料 crm、干净饲料 escr 或干净饲料果园#clean_feed_crm_element = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//span[@class="myinlineblock" and contains(text(), "%s") % feed]')clean_feed_crm_element = self.get_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')#clean_feed_crm_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//..//.//..//..//..//..//..//..//../span[contains(text(), "%s")] % feed ]')))clean_feed_crm_element.click()回归自我
从我的 TestCase 类中调用方法:
project_navigator = ProjectNavigatorPage(self.driver)process_lists_page = project_navigator.select_projectNavigator_item("进程列表")process_lists_page.click_add_button_for_process_lists()process_lists_page.click_clean_task_arrow_to_expand_it_from_groups_tab("添加")process_lists_page.click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(Globals.process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm)
Globals.py 是:
process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm = "清洁饲料 crm"
我也试过使用 WebDriverWait 还是同样的错误:
clean_feed_crm_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "%s") % feed]')))
%s, % feed 值是Clean feed crm"，因为我正在查找此文本(作为参数传入我的方法.
我做错了什么?然后我可以使用什么 XPATH 来单击带有Clean feed crm"文本的元素?
谢谢，里亚兹
解决方案
如果我们回忆一下 XPath 语法中的一些元素:
- 表达式//"从当前文档中选择节点匹配选择的节点，无论它们在哪里.
- 表达式.."选择当前节点的父节点.
因此当你写:
//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//..
您正在选择 div 节点本身.从该节点开始，相对 XPath 应该是:
//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]
这样你就选择了 id 选定的 div 节点，然后在里面寻找包含文本的 span 标签.
I am trying to click on a span tag which contains the text "Clean feed crm"
using an XPATH locator.
I get the error:
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'element' referenced before assignment
Full error trace:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Webdriver\ClearCore\TestCases\OperationsPage_TestCase.py", line 56, in test_add_and_run_clean_process
process_lists_page.click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(Globals.process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm)
File "C:\Webdriver\ClearCore\Pages\operations.py", line 90, in click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab
clean_feed_crm_element = self.get_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')
File "C:\Webdriver\ClearCore 501\Pages\base.py", line 31, in get_element
return element
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'element' referenced before assignment
If i use the absolute full XPATH it works fine. The relative XPATH it shows the error.
The full absolute XPATH which works is:
(By.XPATH, 'html/body/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[4]/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/div/div[7]/div/div[3]/div/div[4]/div/div[2]/div/div[4]/div/div[3]/div/div[3]/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/span[1]/span')
The relative XPATH which does not work is:
(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')
The HTML is:
<div id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks" class="GPI5XK1CDG" __gwtcellbasedwidgetimpldispatchingfocus="true" __gwtcellbasedwidgetimpldispatchingblur="true" role="tree">
<div style="overflow: hidden;">
<div>
<div>
<div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="1" aria-expanded="true" aria-level="1">
<div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CAG" style="padding-left: 0px;">
<div style="overflow: hidden;">
<div>
<div>
<div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="1" aria-level="2">
<div class="GPI5XK1CIF" style="padding-left: 16px;">
<div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CKF" style="padding-left: 16px;position:relative;" onclick="">
<div style="position:absolute;display:none;"/>
<div class="GPI5XK1CLF">
<div style="padding-left: 22px;position:relative;zoom:1;">
<div style="left:0px;margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;top:50%;line-height:0px;">
<img border="0" style="width:16px;height:16px;background:url(data:image/png;base64,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) no-repeat 0px 0px;" src="http://justin-pc.infoshare.local:8080/clearcore501/ClearCore/clear.cache.gif" onload="this.__gwtLastUnhandledEvent="load";"/>
</div>
<div>
<span>
<span class=" myinlineblock" title="Clean feed crm" style="white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;empty-cells:show;width:100%;margin-right:-14px;">Clean feed crm</span>
</span>
<span>
<span class="" title="Turn task off or on." style="">
<input type="checkbox" checked="" tabindex="-1"/>
</span>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-selected="false" role="treeitem" aria-setsize="3" aria-posinset="2" aria-level="2">
<div class="GPI5XK1CIF" style="padding-left: 16px;">
<div class="GPI5XK1CIF GPI5XK1CKF" style="padding-left: 16px;position:relative;" onclick="">
<div style="position:absolute;display:none;"/>
<div class="GPI5XK1CLF">
<div style="padding-left: 22px;position:relative;zoom:1;">
<div style="left:0px;margin-top:-8px;position:absolute;top:50%;line-height:0px;">
<img border="0" style="width:16px;height:16px;background:url(data:image/png;base64,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) no-repeat 0px 0px;" src="http://justin-pc.infoshare.local:8080/clearcore501/ClearCore/clear.cache.gif" onload="this.__gwtLastUnhandledEvent="load";"/>
</div>
<div>
<span>
<span class=" myinlineblock" title="Clean feed escr" style="white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;empty-cells:show;width:100%;margin-right:-14px;">Clean feed escr</span>
</span>
<span>
<span class="" title="Turn task off or on." style="">
<input type="checkbox" checked="" tabindex="-1"/>
</span>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
My method implementation is:
def click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(self, feed):
# Params: feed: clean feed crm, clean feed escr or clean feed orchard
#clean_feed_crm_element = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//span[@class="myinlineblock" and contains(text(), "%s") % feed]')
clean_feed_crm_element = self.get_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]')
#clean_feed_crm_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//..//.//..//..//..//..//..//..//../span[contains(text(), "%s")] % feed ]')))
clean_feed_crm_element.click()
return self
From my TestCase class i call th method:
project_navigator = ProjectNavigatorPage(self.driver)
process_lists_page = project_navigator.select_projectNavigator_item("Process Lists")
process_lists_page.click_add_button_for_process_lists()
process_lists_page.click_clean_task_arrow_to_expand_it_from_groups_tab("add")
process_lists_page.click_clean_feed_task_from_groups_tab(Globals.process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm)
Globals.py is:
process_lists_clean_feed_task_crm = "Clean feed crm"
I havea also tried using WebDriverWait still the same error:
clean_feed_crm_element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable(((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//../span[contains(text(), "%s") % feed]')))
%s, % feed the value is "Clean feed crm" as I am looking for this text (passed in as a parameter into my method.
What am i doing wrong? What XPATH could i use then to click the element which has the text "Clean feed crm"?
Thanks,
Riaz
解决方案
If we recall some elements from the XPath sintax:
- The expression "//" selects nodes in the document from the current
node that match the selection no matter where they are.
- The expression ".." selects the parent of the current node.
Therefore when you write:
//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//..
You are selecting the div node itself. From that node the relative XPath should be:
//div[@id="operations_add_process_list_ct_groups_and_tasks"]//span[contains(text(), "Clean feed crm")]
That way you select the div node with the id selected, and look inside for the span tag which contains the text.
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