在 macOS 中将 AppleScript 与 Apple 事件一起使用 - 脚本不起作用 [英] Using AppleScript with Apple Events in macOS - Script not working
问题描述
我们需要使用 AppleScript 在 macOS 中创建外发电子邮件.该脚本在脚本编辑器中运行良好.使用 DTS 推荐的代码 https://forums.developer.apple.com/message/301006#301006 没有结果、警告或错误.与论坛中的示例脚本结果相同.在这里需要 Swift 和 Apple Events 专业知识.谢谢!
We need to use a AppleScript to create an outgoing email message in macOS. The script works fine in the Script Editor. Using the code recommended by DTS https://forums.developer.apple.com/message/301006#301006 no results, warnings or errors. Same result with sample script from the forum. Need Swift and Apple Events expertise here. Thanks!
import Foundation
import Carbon
class EmailDoc: NSObject {
var script: NSAppleScript = {
let script = NSAppleScript(source: """
set theSubject to "Some Subject"
set theContent to "Some content of the email"
set recipientName to "Some Name"
set recipientAddress to "someone@example.com"
tell application "Mail"
# Create an email
set outgoingMessage to make new outgoing message with properties {subject:theSubject, content:theContent, visible:true}
# Set the recipient
tell outgoingMessage
make new to recipient with properties {name:recipientName, address:recipientAddress}
# Send the message
send
end tell
end tell
"""
)!
let success = script.compileAndReturnError(nil)
assert(success)
return script
}()
// Script that is referenced by DTS at https://forums.developer.apple.com/message/301006#301006
// that goes with runScript method below -- runs with no results
/*var script: NSAppleScript = {
let script = NSAppleScript(source: """
on displayMessage(message)
tell application "Finder"
activate
display dialog message buttons {"OK"} default button "OK"
end tell
end displayMessage
"""
)!
let success = script.compileAndReturnError(nil)
assert(success)
return script
}() */
@objc
func runScript() {
let parameters = NSAppleEventDescriptor.list()
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "Hello Cruel World!"), at: 0)
let event = NSAppleEventDescriptor(
eventClass: AEEventClass(kASAppleScriptSuite),
eventID: AEEventID(kASSubroutineEvent),
targetDescriptor: nil,
returnID: AEReturnID(kAutoGenerateReturnID),
transactionID: AETransactionID(kAnyTransactionID)
)
event.setDescriptor(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "displayMessage"), forKeyword: AEKeyword(keyASSubroutineName))
event.setDescriptor(parameters, forKeyword: AEKeyword(keyDirectObject))
var error: NSDictionary? = nil
_ = self.script.executeAppleEvent(event, error: &error) as NSAppleEventDescriptor?
print ("runScript",self.script)
}
}
推荐答案
这段代码的问题——这是一个非常不明显的问题,请注意——是你正在使用旨在运行脚本的代码handler(一个方法或子程序)来尝试运行完整的脚本.Obj-C 的 AppleScript 类的奇怪之处之一是没有简单的方法来运行带参数的脚本,因此解决方法是将要执行的代码包含在脚本处理程序中,并使用调用该处理程序的 Apple 事件.为了使您的代码工作,您将执行以下操作...
The problem with this code — which is an incredibly un-obvious problem, mind you — is that you're using code meant to run a script handler (a method or subroutine) to try to run the full script. One of the oddnesses of Obj-C's AppleScript classes is that there is no easy way to run a script with parameters, so the workaround is to enclose the code to be executed within a script handler, and use an Apple Event that calls that handler. To make your code work, you'll do something like the following...
首先,更改脚本以使代码位于处理程序中:
First, change the script so that the code is in a handler:
var script: NSAppleScript = {
let script = NSAppleScript(source: """
-- This is our handler definition
on sendMyEmail(theSubject, theContent, recipientName, recipientAddress, attachmentPath)
tell application "Mail"
-- Create an email
set outgoingMessage to make new outgoing message ¬
with properties {subject:theSubject, content:theContent, visible:true}
-- Set the recipient
tell outgoingMessage
make new to recipient ¬
with properties {name:recipientName, address:recipientAddress}
make new attachment with properties {file name:POSIX file attachmentPath}
-- Mail.app needs a moment to process the attachment, so...
delay 1
-- Send the message
send
end tell
end tell
end sendMyEmail
"""
)!
然后更改您构造的 Apple Event,使其传递参数并调用我们刚刚定义的处理程序:
Then alter the Apple Event you construct so that it passes the parameters and calls the handler we just defined:
func runScript() {
let parameters = NSAppleEventDescriptor.list()
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "Some Subject"), at: 0)
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "Some content of the email"), at: 0)
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "Some Name"), at: 0)
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "someone@example.com"), at: 0)
parameters.insert(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: attachmentFileURL.path), at: 0)
let event = NSAppleEventDescriptor(
eventClass: AEEventClass(kASAppleScriptSuite),
eventID: AEEventID(kASSubroutineEvent),
targetDescriptor: nil,
returnID: AEReturnID(kAutoGenerateReturnID),
transactionID: AETransactionID(kAnyTransactionID)
)
// this line sets the name of the target handler
event.setDescriptor(NSAppleEventDescriptor(string: "sendMyEmail"), forKeyword: AEKeyword(keyASSubroutineName))
// this line adds the parameter list we constructed above
event.setDescriptor(parameters, forKeyword: AEKeyword(keyDirectObject))
var error: NSDictionary? = nil
_ = self.script.executeAppleEvent(event, error: &error) as NSAppleEventDescriptor?
print ("runScript",self.script)
}
}
如果不需要传递参数,可以直接使用script.executeAndReturnError(&error)
运行脚本,但是如果需要传递参数,则需要使用这种处理程序"方法.
If you don't need to pass parameters, you could run the script directly using script.executeAndReturnError(&error)
, but if you need to pass parameters, you'll need to use this 'handler' approach.
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