将带引号的字符串参数传递给 bash 脚本 [英] Passing quoted string arguments to a bash script

问题描述

我无法在这里或其他任何地方找到这个看似简单的问题的解决方案.我想获取嵌套目录中所有文件的路径，在它们周围添加引号，并在 bash 脚本中循环遍历它们.目录名和文件中可以有空格.到目前为止，我尝试过的任何东西都无法正常工作.引用的路径字符串总是在空格处被分解.

I have not been able to find a solution to this seemingly simple problem here or anywhere else. I want to get the paths of all files in a nested directory, add quotes around them, and loop through them in a bash script. Directory names and files can have white spaces in them. So far nothing I tried works properly. The quoted path strings always get broken up at the spaces.

test.sh

for var in "$@"
do
    echo "$var"
done

我尝试从每行一个路径的文件中读取，包括单引号和双引号:

I tried reading from a file with one path per line, both single and double quotes:

find "nested directory with spaces" -type f | sed -e 's/^/"/g' -e 's/$/"/g' | tr '\n' '\n' > list.txt # double quotes
./test.sh `cat list.txt`

find "nested directory with spaces" -type f | sed -e 's/^/'\''/g' -e 's/$/'\''/g' | tr '\n' ' ' > list.txt # single quotes
./test.sh `cat list.txt`

和命令替换，在引用的路径、单引号和双引号之间有一个空格:

and command substitution with a space between quoted paths, single and double quotes:

./test.sh `find "nested directory with spaces" -type f | sed -e 's/^/"/g' -e 's/$/"/g' | tr '\n' ' '` # double quotes

./test.sh `find "nested directory with spaces" -type f | sed -e 's/^/'\''/g' -e 's/$/'\''/g' | tr '\n' ' '` # single quotes

简单地从命令行回显带引号的路径即可得到所需的结果.可以将参数解析为完整字符串的脚本中缺少什么?

Simply echoing a quoted path from the command line gives the desired result. What is missing in the script that can resolve the arguments into complete strings?

推荐答案

改为这样:

find "nested directory with spaces" -type f -exec ./test.sh {} +

这将使用多个参数调用 test.sh，而不拆分文件名中的空格.

This will call test.sh with multiple arguments, without splitting the spaces in the filenames.

如果您的 find 版本不支持 +，那么您可以使用 \; 代替，但这会调用 ./test.sh 每个参数一次.

If your version of find doesn't support +, then you can use \; instead, but that will call ./test.sh once for each argument.

例如，给定脚本:

#!/bin/sh
echo start
for i; do
    echo file: "$i"
done

+ 和 \; 的区别:

$ find a\ b.txt date.txt -exec ./test.sh {} +
start
file: a b.txt
file: date.txt
$ find a\ b.txt date.txt -exec ./test.sh {} \;
start
file: a b.txt
start
file: date.txt

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