是否使用“SET NAMES" [英] Whether to use "SET NAMES"
问题描述
在阅读 O'Reilly 的高性能 MySQL"时，我偶然发现了以下内容
In reading "High performance MySQL" from O'Reilly I've stumbled upon the following
另一个常见的垃圾查询是SETNAMES UTF8，这是错误的方式无论如何做事(它不会改变客户端库的字符集；它仅影响服务器).
Another common garbage query is SET NAMES UTF8, which is the wrong way to do things anyway (it does not change the client library's character set; it affects only the server).
我有点困惑，因为我曾经在每个脚本的顶部放置SET NAMES utf8"，让数据库知道我的查询是 utf8 编码的.
I'm a bit confused, because I used to put "SET NAMES utf8" on the top of every script to let the db know that my queries are utf8 encoded.
任何人都可以评论以上引用，或者，更正式地说，您有什么建议/最佳实践可以确保我的数据库工作流程能够识别 Unicode.
Can anyone comment the above quote, or, to put it more formally, what are your suggestions / best practices to ensure that my database workflow is unicode-aware.
如果相关，我的目标语言是 php 和 python.
My target languages are php and python if this is relevant.
推荐答案
mysql_set_charset() 将是一个选项 - 但仅限于 ext/mysql.对于 ext/mysqli 是 mysqli_set_charset 和 PDO::mysql 你需要指定一个连接参数.
mysql_set_charset() would be an option - but an option limited to the ext/mysql. For ext/mysqli it is mysqli_set_charset and for PDO::mysql you need to specify a connection parameter.
由于使用此函数会导致 MySQL API 调用，因此应该认为它比发出查询要快得多.
As using this function results in a MySQL API call, it should be considered much faster than issuing a query.
在性能方面，确保脚本和 MySQL 服务器之间基于 UTF-8 的通信的最快方法是正确设置 MySQL 服务器.由于 SET NAMES x 是 等效的 到
In respect of performance the fastest way to ensure a UTF-8-based communiction between your script and the MySQL server is setting up the MySQL server correctly. As SET NAMES x is equivalent to
SET character_set_client = x;
SET character_set_results = x;
SET character_set_connection = x;
而 SET character_set_connection = x 在内部也执行 SET collation_connection = <<default_collation_of_character_set_x>> 你也可以设置 这些服务器变量 静态地保存在您的 my.ini/cnf 中.
whereas SET character_set_connection = x internally also executes SET collation_connection = <<default_collation_of_character_set_x>> you can also set these server variables statically in your my.ini/cnf.
请注意在同一 MySQL 服务器实例上运行的其他应用程序可能存在的问题，并需要一些其他字符集.
Please be aware of possible problems with other applications running on the same MySQL server instance and requiring some other character set.
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