我们如何引用位于我们主 Android 项目目录之外的自定义 Android 和 Java 库? [英] How do we reference custom Android and Java Libraries living outside the directory of our Main Android Project?

查看：18 发布时间：2021/11/21 20:46:09 android android-studio

本文介绍了我们如何引用位于我们主 Android 项目目录之外的自定义 Android 和 Java 库?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

引用库的常规设置是 Android Studio 导入库到我们主项目的根目录中.这并不是我们真正想要的，因为库的基本好处是它可以在许多项目之间共享.如果我们更新导入的库中的代码，这不会反映在之前导入到另一个项目的库的代码中.

The conventional setup for referencing libraries has Android Studio import the libraries into the root directory of our main project. That's not really what we want as the essential benefit of a library is so that it is shared between many projects. If we update code in an imported library, that's not going to be reflected in the code of a library previously imported to another project.

相反，我们的目标是创建一个 Main Android 项目，该项目可以引用存在于 Android 项目目录之外的自定义(您创建的)Android 和 Java 库模块，并且能够编辑来自以下目录的所有三个模块的代码在主 Android 项目中.也就是说，我们希望以:

Our goal, instead, is to create a Main Android project that can reference custom (that you create) Android and Java library modules that exist outside the directory of the Android project, with the ability to edit code of all three modules from within the Main Android project. That is, we want to end up with:

属于我们的主要 Android 项目的根模块(应用程序")；
一个 Android 库模块，它存在于 Android 项目目录之外，但被我们的主 Android 项目引用.
一个 Java 库模块，存在于 Android 项目目录之外，但被我们的主 Android 项目引用.

... 例如，所以我们有一个类似于...

... for example, so we have a directory structure like ...

..\LibraryRefDemo\MyMainProject
..\LibraryRefDemo\Libraries\MyAndroidLibrary
..\LibraryRefDemo\Libraries\MyJavaLibrary

换句话说，标题问题是我们如何做到这一点?".

The headline question asks, in other words, "How do we do this?".

已有类似的stackoverflow问题，例如...

There are existing similar stackoverflow questions, for example ...

但我发现这些问题和答案仅部分解决了我在这里提出的问题.

But I've found both those questions and the answers only partially address the issue I present here.

我将提供我自己问题的答案，我相信它列举了所有技巧和问题，并提供了一个分步过程.

I'm going to provide the answer to my own question which, I believe, enumerates all the tricks and gotchas and provides a step by step procedure.

我将使用 Android Studio 3.0.1 ...

I'll be using Android Studio 3.0.1 ...

// (package name for MyMainProject's root module: "app")
au.com.example.mymainproject

// (package name for MyAndroidLibrary's root module: "malmodule")
au.com.example.malmodule

// (package name for MyJavaLibrary' module where we placed our 
// java code to be shared: "mjlmodule")
au.com.example.mjlmodule

模块名称:小写.以下情况之一:

Module name: lowercase. One of the following:

app (MyMainProject's root module)
malmodule (MyAndroidLibrary's root module)
mjlmodule (The MyJavaLibrary's module where we placed our java code to be
  shared. The MyJavaModule will also contain a root "app" module 
  for reasons of gradle integration)

基本技巧

以下基本技巧以及随后的分步过程是截至 2018 年 3 月 10 日适用于 Android Studio 3.0.1 的最新版本.在完成分步程序之前，完成这项工作的基本技巧是:

Basic tricks

The following basic tricks, and the subsequent step-by-step procedures, are current as of 2018-03-10 for Android Studio 3.0.1. Before going through the step-by-step procedures, the basic tricks to make this work are:

使用 Android Studio 而不是其他 IDE(如 IDEA IntelliJ)来创建 MyMainProject、MyAndroidLibrary 和 MyJavaLibrary.一旦设置了基本框架，就可以从任何现有项目中复制代码和资源(例如使用 Windows 资源管理器).
在主 Android 项目 ("MyMainProject") settings.gradle (Project Settings) 中，我们使用类似以下内容引用库模块(而不是库项目):

Use Android Studio, rather than another IDE (like IDEA IntelliJ), for creating MyMainProject, MyAndroidLibrary and MyJavaLibrary. Code and resources can be copied (e.g. using Windows Explorer) from any existing projects once the basic framework has been setup.
In the Main Android Project ("MyMainProject") settings.gradle (Project Settings), we reference Library modules (rather than Library Projects as such) using something like the following:

include ':app'

include ':malmodule'
// Despite the name "project" we actually need to reference the module directory
// of a project. It doesn't matter whether there is a trailing slash '/' or not.
project(':malmodule').projectDir =
        new File(settingsDir, '../Libraries/MyAndroidLibrary/malmodule/')

include ':mjlmodule'
// Despite the name "project" we actually need to reference the module directory
// of a project. It doesn't matter whether there is a trailing slash '/' or not.
project(':mjlmodule').projectDir =
        new File(settingsDir, '../Libraries/MyJavaLibrary/mjlmodule/')

在Android项目(MyMainProject")根模块的build.gradle文件中，默认build.gradle(Module: app)，添加:

dependencies {
    ...
    // Reference module rather than project.
    implementation project(':malmodule')
    implementation project(':mjlmodule')
    ...
}

在创建 MyJavaLibrary 时使用独立安装的 JDK，而不是 Android 的嵌入式 JDK:
- 文件 > 项目结构 > |SDK 位置|> JDK位置:
  - 使用嵌入式 JDK(推荐)":未勾选.
  - C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161
  - res/values/strings.xml.添加字符串资源.
  - res/values/strings.xml. Add string resource.
```
<string name="mymainproject_cool_string">From My Main Project</string>
```
  - au.com.example.mymainproject.MainActivity.引用 java 代码中的字符串资源.
  - au.com.example.mymainproject.MainActivity. Reference string rescource from java code.
```
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.mymainproject_output);
        String someString = getResources().getString(R.string.mymainproject_cool_string) + "\r\n";
        textView.setText(someString); 
    }
} 
```
    要正确导入引用的类，您可能必须:将光标插入到 TextView 上；alt+回车；
    
    To properly import the referenced classes you may have to: insert your cursor over a TextView; alt+ enter;
    
    在模拟器上运行以验证 OK:运行 > 运行应用程序 (Shift+F10)...选择部署目标">(单击所需的可用虚拟设备)> [确定].
    
    Run against the emulator to verify OK: Run > Run app (Shift+F10)... "Select Deployment Target" > (Click on your desired Available Virtual Device) > [OK].
    
    等待 gradle 完成构建.观察应用程序中的字符串:
    
    Wait for gradle to finish building. Observe the string in your application:
```
From My Main Project
```

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我们如何引用位于我们主 Android 项目目录之外的自定义 Android 和 Java 库? [英] How do we reference custom Android and Java Libraries living outside the directory of our Main Android Project?

问题描述

推荐答案

目录

基本技巧

Basic tricks

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我们如何引用位于我们主 Android 项目目录之外的自定义 Android 和 Java 库? [英] How do we reference custom Android and Java Libraries living outside the directory of our Main Android Project?

问题描述

推荐答案

目录

基本技巧

Basic tricks

相关文章

移动开发最新文章

热门教程

热门工具

登录 关闭

登录关闭