Android Studio 上的单元测试:“未模拟"错误 [英] Unit testing on Android Studio: "not mocked" error

问题描述

我是 Android Studio 的新手.我使用的是 Android Studio 1.2 预览版 2、gradle 2.2.1 和 gradle 插件 1.1.0.

I am new to Android Studio. I am using Android Studio 1.2 preview 2, gradle 2.2.1 and gradle plugin 1.1.0.

当我尝试运行我的单元测试时，我无法解决这个错误:

I cannot get around this error, when trying to run my unit tests:

java.lang.RuntimeException: Method getInstrumentation in android.test.InstrumentationTestCase not mocked

这是我的测试课:

public class AppPreferencesTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {

AppPreferences preferences;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    preferences = new AppPreferences(getInstrumentation().getTargetContext());
}

...

在我的 build.gradle 中:

In my build.gradle:

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

我尝试添加这个

testOptions { 
    unitTests.returnDefaultValues = true
}

因为我在 http://tools 遵循的步骤中提到了这一点.android.com/tech-docs/unit-testing-support但它没有修复它.

because that was mentioned in the steps that I followed at http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/unit-testing-support but it does not fix it.

我也尝试创建一个 MockContext:

I also tried creating a MockContext:

preferences = new AppPreferences(new MockContext());

但是 AppPreferences 的构造函数给出了一个错误

but the constructor of AppPreferences than gives an error

public AppPreferences(Context context) {
    preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(
            context);
}

...

RuntimeException: Method getDefaultSharedPreferences in android.preference.PreferenceManager not mocked.

推荐答案

我无法让 Instrumentation 测试工作，使用 Android Studio，我猜他们仍在完成实施.由于它需要在模拟器上运行，因此有更快的选择:常规单元测试.

I couldn't get Instrumentation tests to work, using Android Studio, I guess they're still finalising the implementation. And since it needs to run on the emulator, there are faster options: regular unit tests.

感谢 Jared 的提示，我改用 Robolectric，它在 Android Studio 上易于使用.

Thanks to Jared's tips, I switched to Robolectric, which is easy to use on Android Studio.

androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestCompile "org.robolectric:robolectric:3.0"

和

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
import static junit.framework.TestCase.assertEquals;

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class AppPreferencesTest {

    AppPreferences preferences;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        preferences = new AppPreferences(RuntimeEnvironment.application.getApplicationContext());
    }

    @Test
    public void testIsNotificationsEnabled_Default() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(true, preferences.isNotificationsEnabled());
    }

    ...

这里的信息此时似乎是正确的:http://nenick-android.blogspot.nl/2015/02/android-studio-110-beta-4-and.html但在不久的将来可能会再次弃用，因为我使用谷歌找到的有关此主题的所有信息都已弃用.

The info here seems to be correct at this time: http://nenick-android.blogspot.nl/2015/02/android-studio-110-beta-4-and.html But will probably deprecate again in the near future, as all the info I found on this subject using google deprecated already.

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