作为 jar 运行时找不到类路径资源 [英] Classpath resource not found when running as jar

问题描述

在 Spring Boot 1.1.5 和 1.1.6 中都存在这个问题 - 我正在使用 @Value 注释加载类路径资源，当我从 STS(3.6.0，Windows)中运行应用程序时它工作得很好.但是，当我运行 mvn 包然后尝试运行 jar 时，我收到 FileNotFound 异常.

Having this problem both in Spring Boot 1.1.5 and 1.1.6 - I'm loading a classpath resource using an @Value annotation, which works just fine when I run the application from within STS (3.6.0, Windows). However, when I run a mvn package and then try to run the jar, I get FileNotFound exceptions.

资源 message.txt 位于 src/main/resources 中.我已经检查了 jar 并验证它在顶层(与 application.properties 相同的级别)包含文件message.txt".

The resource, message.txt, is in src/main/resources. I've inspected the jar and verified that it contains the file "message.txt" at the top level (same level as application.properties).

这是应用程序:

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Application.class);

    @Value("${message.file}")
    private Resource messageResource;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... arg0) throws Exception {
        // both of these work when running as Spring boot app from STS, but
        // fail after mvn package, and then running as java -jar
        testResource(new ClassPathResource("message.txt"));
        testResource(this.messageResource);
    }

    private void testResource(Resource resource) {
        try {
            resource.getFile();
            logger.debug("Found the resource " + resource.getFilename());
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            logger.error(ex.toString());
        }
    }
}

例外:

c:UsersglyoderDocumentsworkspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASEclasspath-resource-proble
m	arget>java -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _    
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ / _` |    
 \/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.1.5.RELEASE)

2014-09-16 08:46:34.635  INFO 5976 --- [           main] demo.Application
                  : Starting Application on 8W59XV1 with PID 5976 (C:Usersglyo
derDocumentsworkspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASEclasspath-resource-problem	argetdemo
-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by glyoder in c:UsersglyoderDocumentsworkspace-s
ts-3.5.1.RELEASEclasspath-resource-problem	arget)
2014-09-16 08:46:34.640 DEBUG 5976 --- [           main] demo.Application
                  : Running with Spring Boot v1.1.5.RELEASE, Spring v4.0.6.RELEA
SE
2014-09-16 08:46:34.681  INFO 5976 --- [           main] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigA
pplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.Annotation
ConfigApplicationContext@1c77b086: startup date [Tue Sep 16 08:46:34 EDT 2014];
root of context hierarchy
2014-09-16 08:46:35.196  INFO 5976 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBe
anExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2014-09-16 08:46:35.210 ERROR 5976 --- [           main] demo.Application
                  : java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [message.
txt] cannot be resolved to absolute file path because it does not reside in the
file system: jar:file:/C:/Users/glyoder/Documents/workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE/cl
asspath-resource-problem/target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/message.txt
2014-09-16 08:46:35.211 ERROR 5976 --- [           main] demo.Application
                  : java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [message.
txt] cannot be resolved to absolute file path because it does not reside in the
file system: jar:file:/C:/Users/glyoder/Documents/workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE/cl
asspath-resource-problem/target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar!/message.txt
2014-09-16 08:46:35.215  INFO 5976 --- [           main] demo.Application
                  : Started Application in 0.965 seconds (JVM running for 1.435)

2014-09-16 08:46:35.217  INFO 5976 --- [       Thread-2] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigA
pplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationCon
figApplicationContext@1c77b086: startup date [Tue Sep 16 08:46:34 EDT 2014]; roo
t of context hierarchy
2014-09-16 08:46:35.218  INFO 5976 --- [       Thread-2] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBe
anExporter        : Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown

推荐答案

resource.getFile() 期望资源本身在文件系统上可用，即它不能嵌套在里面一个 jar 文件.这就是为什么当您在 STS 中运行您的应用程序时它可以工作，但一旦您构建了您的应用程序并从可执行 jar 运行它就不起作用.我建议使用 getInputStream() 代替.这将允许您阅读资源的内容，无论它位于何处.

resource.getFile() expects the resource itself to be available on the file system, i.e. it can't be nested inside a jar file. This is why it works when you run your application in STS but doesn't work once you've built your application and run it from the executable jar. Rather than using getFile() to access the resource's contents, I'd recommend using getInputStream() instead. That'll allow you to read the resource's content regardless of where it's located.

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