删除绘制数据和轴之间的空间 [英] Remove space between plotted data and the axes

问题描述

我有以下数据框:

uniq <- 结构(列表(年份 = c(1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 2900L, 201, 22005L，2006L，2007L，2008L，2009L，2010L，2011L，2012L，2013L，2014L，1986L，1987L，1991L，1992L，1993L，1994L，1995L，1996L，1997L，1998L，1999L，2000L，2001L，2002L，2003L，2004L，2005L，2006L，2007L，2008L，2009L，2010L，2011L，2012L，2013L，2014L，1986L，1987L，1991L，1992L，1993L，1994L，1995L，1996L，1997L，1998L，1999L，2000L，2001L，2002L，2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L), uniq.loc = 结构,1L,1L,1L,1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("u.1", "u.2", "u.3"), class = "factor"), uniq.n = c(1, 1, 1,2, 5, 4, 2, 16, 16, 10, 15, 14, 8, 12, 20, 11, 17, 30, 17, 21, 22, 19, 34, 44, 56, 11, 0, 0,3, 3, 7, 17, 12, 21, 18, 10, 12, 9, 7, 11, 25, 14, 11, 17, 12, 24, 59, 17, 36, 50, 59, 12, 0,0, 0, 1, 4, 6, 3, 3, 9, 3, 4, 2, 5, 2, 12, 6, 8, 8, 3, 2, 9, 5, 20, 7, 10, 8), uniq.p = c(100, 100, 25, 33.3, 31.2, 14.8, 11.8, 40, 37.2, 43.5, 48.4, 56, 40, 48, 35.1, 35.5, 54.4, 4.4.5, 4.4.2, 37.8, 43.6, 44.8, 35.5, 0, 0, 75, 50, 43.8, 63, 70.6, 52.5, 41.9, 43.5, 38.7, 36, 35, 44, 4.5, 3.5, 3.5, 6, 63, 70.9., 41.5, 40, 49.5, 47.2, 38.7, 0, 0, 0, 16.7, 25, 22.2, 17.6, 7.5, 20.9, 13, 12.9, 8, 25, 8, 12.2, 4, 3. 1. 1., 10, 12.2, 22.2, 6.9, 8, 25.8)), .Names = c("year", "uniq.loc", "uniq.n", "uniq.p"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -78L))

当我制作面积图时:

ggplot(data = uniq) +geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +scale_x_continuous(limits=c(1986,2014)) +scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,101)) +主题_bw()

我得到了这个结果:

但是，我想删除轴和实际绘图之间的空间.当我添加 theme(panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.margin = unit(-0.8, "lines")) 时，我收到以下错误消息:

<块引用>

主题错误(panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.margin = unit(-0.8, :找不到功能单位"

关于如何解决这个问题有什么建议吗?

解决方案

更新: 参见 @divibisan 的回答 最新版本的 ggplot2一>.

<小时>

来自 ?scale_x_continuous 关于 expand-argument:

<块引用>

用于在周围添加一些填充的范围扩展常量的向量数据，以确保它们被放置在远离轴.默认设置是在每一侧将比例扩大 5%连续变量，离散变量每边 0.6 个单位变量.

问题因此通过在scale_x_continuous 和scale_y_continuous 中添加expand = c(0,0) 来解决.这也消除了添加 panel.margin 参数的需要.

代码:

ggplot(data = uniq) +geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +scale_x_continuous(limits = c(1986,2014), expand = c(0, 0)) +scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,101), expand = c(0, 0)) +theme_bw() +主题(panel.grid = element_blank()，panel.border = element_blank())

结果:

I have the following dataframe:

uniq <- structure(list(year = c(1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L, 1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L, 1986L, 1987L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 2014L), uniq.loc = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("u.1", "u.2", "u.3"), class = "factor"), uniq.n = c(1, 1, 1, 2, 5, 4, 2, 16, 16, 10, 15, 14, 8, 12, 20, 11, 17, 30, 17, 21, 22, 19, 34, 44, 56, 11, 0, 0, 3, 3, 7, 17, 12, 21, 18, 10, 12, 9, 7, 11, 25, 14, 11, 17, 12, 24, 59, 17, 36, 50, 59, 12, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 6, 3, 3, 9, 3, 4, 2, 5, 2, 12, 6, 8, 8, 3, 2, 9, 5, 20, 7, 10, 8), uniq.p = c(100, 100, 25, 33.3, 31.2, 14.8, 11.8, 40, 37.2, 43.5, 48.4, 56, 40, 48, 35.1, 35.5, 47.2, 54.5, 53.1, 44.7, 24.4, 46.3, 37.8, 43.6, 44.8, 35.5, 0, 0, 75, 50, 43.8, 63, 70.6, 52.5, 41.9, 43.5, 38.7, 36, 35, 44, 43.9, 45.2, 30.6, 30.9, 37.5, 51.1, 65.6, 41.5, 40, 49.5, 47.2, 38.7, 0, 0, 0, 16.7, 25, 22.2, 17.6, 7.5, 20.9, 13, 12.9, 8, 25, 8, 21.1, 19.4, 22.2, 14.5, 9.4, 4.3, 10, 12.2, 22.2, 6.9, 8, 25.8)), .Names = c("year", "uniq.loc", "uniq.n", "uniq.p"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -78L))

When I make an area-plot with:

ggplot(data = uniq) + 
  geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
  scale_x_continuous(limits=c(1986,2014)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,101)) +
  theme_bw()

I get this result:

However, I want to remove the space between the axis and the actual plot. When I add theme(panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.margin = unit(-0.8, "lines")) I get the following error message:

Error in theme(panel.grid = element_blank(), panel.margin = unit(-0.8,  : 
  could not find function "unit"

Any suggestions on how to solve this problem?

解决方案

Update: See @divibisan's answer for further possibilities in the latest versions of ggplot2.

---

From ?scale_x_continuous about the expand-argument:

Vector of range expansion constants used to add some padding around the data, to ensure that they are placed some distance away from the axes. The defaults are to expand the scale by 5% on each side for continuous variables, and by 0.6 units on each side for discrete variables.

The problem is thus solved by adding expand = c(0,0) to scale_x_continuous and scale_y_continuous. This also removes the need for adding the panel.margin parameter.

The code:

ggplot(data = uniq) + 
  geom_area(aes(x = year, y = uniq.p, fill = uniq.loc), stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(1986,2014), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,101), expand = c(0, 0)) +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(panel.grid = element_blank(),
        panel.border = element_blank())

The result:

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