如何使用 C++ 在运行时获取内存使用情况? [英] How to get memory usage at runtime using C++?

问题描述

我需要在程序运行时获取内存使用情况 VIRT 和 RES 并显示它们.

I need to get the mem usage VIRT and RES at run time of my program and display them.

到目前为止我尝试过的:

What i tried so far:

getrusage (http://linux.die.net/man/2/getrusage)

getrusage (http://linux.die.net/man/2/getrusage)

int who = RUSAGE_SELF; 
struct rusage usage; 
int ret; 

ret=getrusage(who,&usage);

cout<<usage.ru_maxrss;

但我总是得到0.

推荐答案

在 Linux 上，我从未找到 ioctl() 解决方案.对于我们的应用程序，我们编写了一个基于读取 /proc/pid 中的文件的通用实用程序.有许多这些文件会给出不同的结果.这是我们解决的问题(问题被标记为 C++，我们使用 C++ 构造处理 I/O，但如果需要，它应该很容易适应 C i/o 例程):

On Linux, I've never found an ioctl() solution. For our applications, we coded a general utility routine based on reading files in /proc/pid. There are a number of these files which give differing results. Here's the one we settled on (the question was tagged C++, and we handled I/O using C++ constructs, but it should be easily adaptable to C i/o routines if you need to):

#include <unistd.h>
#include <ios>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// process_mem_usage(double &, double &) - takes two doubles by reference,
// attempts to read the system-dependent data for a process' virtual memory
// size and resident set size, and return the results in KB.
//
// On failure, returns 0.0, 0.0

void process_mem_usage(double& vm_usage, double& resident_set)
{
   using std::ios_base;
   using std::ifstream;
   using std::string;

   vm_usage     = 0.0;
   resident_set = 0.0;

   // 'file' stat seems to give the most reliable results
   //
   ifstream stat_stream("/proc/self/stat",ios_base::in);

   // dummy vars for leading entries in stat that we don't care about
   //
   string pid, comm, state, ppid, pgrp, session, tty_nr;
   string tpgid, flags, minflt, cminflt, majflt, cmajflt;
   string utime, stime, cutime, cstime, priority, nice;
   string O, itrealvalue, starttime;

   // the two fields we want
   //
   unsigned long vsize;
   long rss;

   stat_stream >> pid >> comm >> state >> ppid >> pgrp >> session >> tty_nr
               >> tpgid >> flags >> minflt >> cminflt >> majflt >> cmajflt
               >> utime >> stime >> cutime >> cstime >> priority >> nice
               >> O >> itrealvalue >> starttime >> vsize >> rss; // don't care about the rest

   stat_stream.close();

   long page_size_kb = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024; // in case x86-64 is configured to use 2MB pages
   vm_usage     = vsize / 1024.0;
   resident_set = rss * page_size_kb;
}

int main()
{
   using std::cout;
   using std::endl;

   double vm, rss;
   process_mem_usage(vm, rss);
   cout << "VM: " << vm << "; RSS: " << rss << endl;
}

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