唯一标识计算机的好方法是什么? [英] What's a good way to uniquely identify a computer?
问题描述
我正在开发一些桌面软件供客户转售.客户想要限制该软件，以便注册码特定于一台且仅一台计算机.
除了使用网卡上的 MAC 之外，有没有人有任何其他技术(适用于 Windows 和 Mac OS X)来唯一识别计算机?
另一种解决方案是使用带有 加密狗.这是一个插入主机上的 USB 或其他 I/O 端口的小型设备，用作激活软件的唯一物理密钥.
第三种解决方案是提供许可证管理器.也就是说，当软件启动时，它会查询网络上的服务器(在客户的 LAN 上或通过 Internet 访问您公司的其他服务器)，以验证客户对软件的使用是否合法.这是并发许可"的一个很好的解决方案，因此客户可以在许多主机上安装您的软件，但您许可它在有限数量的主机上同时使用.FLEXnet Publisher 是许可证管理解决方案的示例.>
网卡的MAC地址是我上次在一家公司工作时使用的解决方案，该公司许可软件在特定主机上运行.
但是，我想提出一个警告:如果您进行此类许可，您必须预见到跟踪客户的许可将成为持续的管理杂务.一旦您拥有几百个客户，您就会惊讶于您接到要求更换密钥的电话的频率有多高
<块引用>我们将服务器升级到千兆网络适配器，现在是许可证将无法工作，因为新适配器具有不同的 MAC 地址."
否则客户可能会更换他们的整台机器，并且需要更新的许可证才能在新机器上运行您的软件.在我工作的公司，我们几乎每天都会接到这些电话.
如果您向客户提供新密钥，您还需要相信客户会停止在旧计算机(或网络适配器)上使用您的软件.如果你一开始就不能相信他们会遵守许可证，你怎么能相信他们会扔掉旧钥匙?
如果您不打算如何支持此管理活动，请不要以这种方式许可您的产品.你只会给你的好客户带来不便，他们无论如何都会合作.
I'm developing some desktop software for a client to resell. The client wants to restrict the software so that the registration code will be specific to one and only one computer.
Besides using the MAC from the network card, does anyone have any other techniques (that work on both Windows and Mac OS X) for uniquely identifying a computer?
Another solution is to use a licensing technology with a dongle. This is a small device that plugs into USB or another I/O port on the host, and serves as a unique, physical key to activate the software.
A third solution is to provide a license manager. That is, when the software starts up, it queries a server on the network (either on the customer's LAN or else accessed at your company via the internet) that validates that the customer's usage of the software is legitimate. This is a good solution for "concurrent licenses" so customers can install your software on many hosts, but you license it for simultaneous use on a limited number of hosts. FLEXnet Publisher is an example of a license management solution.
The MAC address of the network card is the solution I used last time I worked for a company that licensed software to run on a specific host.
However, I want to offer a caution: if you do this type of licensing, you have to anticipate that it'll become an ongoing administrative chore to track your customers' licenses. Once you have a few hundred customers, you'll be amazed at how frequently you get phone calls with requests to change keys
"We upgraded our server to a gigabit network adapter, and now the license won't work because the new adapter has a different MAC address."
Or else the customers may replace their whole machine, and need an updated license to run your software on the new machine. We got these calls practically every day at the company I worked for.
You also need to trust the customer to stop using your software on the old computer (or network adapter) if you give them a new key. If you couldn't trust them to obey the license in the first place, how can you trust that they'll throw away the old key?
If you don't plan how you're going to support this administrative activity, don't license your product in this way. You'll only inconvenience your good customers, who would have cooperated anyway.
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