是否有任何回调告诉我何时“构建"?功能是在 Flutter 中完成的吗? [英] Is there any callback to tell me when "build" function is done in Flutter?

问题描述

我的屏幕上有一个 listView.我已经给它附加了一个控制器.我能够调用我的端点，接收响应，解析它并插入行.ListView 应该自动滚动.确实如此，但并不完美.我总是落后的项目.这是我的代码:

I have a listView in my screen. I have attached a controller to it. I am able to call my Endpoint, receive response, parse it and insert in row. ListView supposed to Scroll automatically. It does, but not in perfect way. I am always an item behind. This is my code:

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // Scroll to the most recent item
    if (equationList.length > 0) {
      _toEnd();
    }

    return new Scaffold(
      appBar: new AppBar(
        title: new Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: EquList(equationList, _scrollController),
      floatingActionButton: new FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: onFabClick,
        tooltip: 'Fetch Post',
        child: new Icon(isLoading ? Icons.pause : Icons.play_arrow),
      ),
    );
  }

  void _toEnd() {
    _scrollController.animateTo(
      _scrollController.position.maxScrollExtent,
      duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 250),
      curve: Curves.ease,
    );
  }

问题是，我在最后一项插入列表之前调用了 _toEnd() 函数.所以，我正在寻找一个回调(如果有的话)，它告诉我 build() 已经完成.然后我调用我的 _toEnd() 函数.

The problem is, I am calling _toEnd() function before the last item inserts in to the list. So, I am looking for a callback (if there is any) that tells me build() is done. Then I call my _toEnd() function.

这种情况下的最佳做法是什么?

What is the best practice in this case?

推荐答案

通用解决方案

只是想澄清一下，我没想到这个问题会引起如此多的关注.因此，我只回答了这个非常具体的案例.
正如在另一个答案中解释 WidgetsBinding 提供了一种添加一次 发布框架回调.

General solution

Just to clear things up, I did not expect this question to attract so much attention. Hence, I only answered for this very specific case.
As explained in another answer WidgetsBinding offers a way to add a one time post frame callback.

WidgetsBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback((_) {
  // executes after build
})

由于此回调将仅被调用一次，您每次构建时都想添加它:

As this callback will only be called a single time, you will want to add it every time you build:

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  WidgetsBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback((_) => afterBuild);
  return Container(); // widget tree
}

void afterBuild() {
  // executes after build is done
}

特定(异步)

详细阐述Günter 的评论:

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  executeAfterBuild();
  return Container();
}

Future<void> executeAfterBuild() async {
  // this code will get executed after the build method
  // because of the way async functions are scheduled
}

这里有一个很好的例子说明这种效果.
关于在 Dart 中调度的广泛信息可以在这里找到.

There is a nice example illustrating that effect here.
Extensive information about scheduling in Dart can be found here.

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