无法从 scoped_dir6312_32763/internal 加载扩展.管理员使用 ChromeDriver Selenium 禁用加载解压扩展 [英] Could not load extension from scoped_dir6312_32763/internal.Loading of unpacked extensions is disabled by the administrator with ChromeDriver Selenium

问题描述

我使用 vue-cli 3 创建了一个项目，它会自动为我设置 e2ed 测试.当我尝试运行测试时，我从 chrome 收到一个弹出窗口，告诉我管理员已禁用加载未打包的扩展程序".

这似乎是一个常见问题，提供了一种解决方案

错误信息为...

加载扩展时出错无法从以下位置加载扩展:C:Usersuser_nameAppDataLocalTempscoped_dir6312_32763internal".管理员禁止加载未打包的扩展.好的

...表示扩展程序已被管理员禁用，因此尚未加载.

<小时>

根据讨论 无法从以下位置加载扩展:...管理员禁止加载已解压的扩展程序 ChromeDriver 使用 Chrome 自动化扩展程序 来自动执行各种功能，例如窗口大小调整、窗口定位等.

无法加载扩展程序.. 弹出窗口表示此扩展程序尚未加载.如果您手动关闭弹出窗口，浏览器将正常运行，ChromeDriver 命令将继续按预期工作.但是在这种情况下，如果您尝试执行窗口大小调整或窗口重新定位命令，则会抛出错误为未知错误:无法获取自动化扩展.

<小时>

背景

直到 ChromeDriver v2.28 每当组织管理策略禁止扩展时，用户都使用参数 disable-extensions 来绕过限制，如下所示:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();options.addArguments("--disable-extensions");WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

而且效果很完美.

ChromeDriver v2.28 以后，每当 disable-extensions 标志通过测试通过时，ChromeDriver 隐式地通过 disable-extensions-except 标志，它依次加载 Chrome 自动化扩展程序.此扩展程序可帮助 Chromedriver 执行窗口大小调整和窗口重新定位操作.

因此，如果您的组织管理策略阻止扩展程序，则显示弹出式无法从以下位置加载扩展程序:...加载解压缩的扩展程序是预期行为.

这个问题依赖于Selenium 对 headless 的支持.

<小时>

解决

或者，您可以将 useAutomationExtension 功能设置为 false，如下所示:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

此功能反过来将有助于不加载Chrome 自动化扩展程序，并且不会出现无法加载扩展程序 弹出窗口.但是，如果没有 Chrome 自动化扩展程序，您将无法执行任何窗口大小调整/定位操作.

现在，Selenium 支持 headless 正在解决ChromeDriver 将不再需要此扩展程序，您不应该看到此错误/弹出窗口.

解决方案

最简单的解决方案是使用最新版本的 ChromeDriver 和 Chrome 组合:

• 如果您使用的是 Chrome 73 版，请下载 ChromeDriver 73.0.3683.20
• 如果您使用的是 Chrome 72 版，请下载 ChromeDriver 2.46 或 ChromeDriver 72.0.3626.69
• 如果您使用的是 Chrome 71 版，请下载 ChromeDriver 2.46 或 ChromeDriver 71.0.3578.137
• 对于旧版本的 Chrome，请参阅此 讨论.

替代方案

其他一些替代方案是:

• 添加注册码 ExtensionInstallWhitelist 到白名单
• 删除Registry Key ExtensionInstallBlacklist 包含一个字符串键1，值为*

I have created a project using vue-cli 3 which automatically set up e2ed tests for me. When I try to run the tests, I get a popup from chrome, telling me that "Loading of unpacked extensions is disabled by the administrator".

This seems to be a common problem, one solution offered elsewhere is

ChromeOptions o = new ChromeOptions();
o.addArguments("disable-extensions");
o.addArguments("--start-maximized");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(o);

Now this is Java code, but I assume there's a way to achieve the same thing in a vue.js project. However, I have no idea where to put this configuration.

解决方案

This popup:

with the error message as...

Error Loading Extension
Failed to load extension from: 'C:Usersuser_nameAppDataLocalTempscoped_dir6312_32763internal'. Loading of unpacked extensions is disabled by the administrator.
OK

...implies that an extension has not been loaded as it is disabled by the administrator.

---

As per the discussion Failed to load extention from: ... Loading of unpacked extensions is disabled by the administrator ChromeDriver uses Chrome automation extension for automating various functions like window sizing, window positioning, etc.

The Failed to load extension.. popup means that this extension has not been loaded. If you manually close the popup, browser will act normally and ChromeDriver commands will continue to work as expected. But in this case if you try executing window resizing or window re-positioning commands, it will throw an error as unknown error: cannot get automation extension.

---

Background

Till ChromeDriver v2.28 whenever an organizations admin policy forbidden extensions, to bypass the restriction users have used the argument disable-extensions as follows:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--disable-extensions");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

and it worked perfecto.

ChromeDriver v2.28 onwards, whenever disable-extensions flag is passed by test, ChromeDriver implicitly passes disable-extensions-except flag which in turn loads Chrome automation extension. This extension helps Chromedriver to perform window sizing and window re-positioning operations.

So, if your organizational admin policy blocks extensions, display of popup Failed to load extension from: ... Loading of unpacked extensions is an expected behavior.

This issue had a dependency on Selenium support for headless.

---

Work around

As an alternative, you can set the useAutomationExtension capability to false as follows:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

This capability inturn will help to not load Chrome Automation extension and Failed to load extension popup would not appear. But you will not be able to perform any window resizing/positioning operations without the Chrome automation extension.

Now, Selenium support for headless being resolved ChromeDriver will no longer require this extension and you shouldn't have seen this error/popup.

Solution

The simplest solution would be to use the latest version of ChromeDriver and Chrome combination among either of the following:

• If you are using Chrome version 73, please download ChromeDriver 73.0.3683.20
• If you are using Chrome version 72, please download ChromeDriver 2.46 or ChromeDriver 72.0.3626.69
• If you are using Chrome version 71, please download ChromeDriver 2.46 or ChromeDriver 71.0.3578.137
• For older version of Chrome, please see this discussion.

Alternative

Some other alternatives are:

• Add the Registry Key ExtensionInstallWhitelist to whitelist
• Remove the Registry Key ExtensionInstallBlacklist containing a string key 1 with value *

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