你如何在 Bash 中规范化文件路径? [英] How do you normalize a file path in Bash?

问题描述

我想把 /foo/bar/.. 转换成 /foo

是否有执行此操作的 bash 命令?

Is there a bash command which does this?

在我的实际案例中，该目录确实存在.

in my practical case, the directory does exist.

推荐答案

如果你想从路径中截取文件名的一部分，"dirname" 和 "basename" 是你的朋友，"realpath" 也很方便.

if you're wanting to chomp part of a filename from the path, "dirname" and "basename" are your friends, and "realpath" is handy too.

dirname /foo/bar/baz 
# /foo/bar 
basename /foo/bar/baz
# baz
dirname $( dirname  /foo/bar/baz  ) 
# /foo 
realpath ../foo
# ../foo: No such file or directory
realpath /tmp/../tmp/../tmp
# /tmp

realpath 替代方案

如果你的shell不支持realpath，你可以试试

If realpath is not supported by your shell, you can try

readlink -f /path/here/.. 

还有

readlink -m /path/there/../../ 

工作原理与

realpath -s /path/here/../../

因为路径不需要存在来规范化.

in that the path doesn't need to exist to be normalized.

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