多行搜索替换为 Perl [英] Multiline search replace with Perl

问题描述

我知道这种问题以前已经被问过很多次了.再次来到这里的原因是我觉得我错过了一些简单而基本的东西.

I know this kind of questions have been asked already many times before. The reason why I come here again is that I feel like I've missed something simple and fundamental.

是否可以将这种搜索替换例程做得更好.例如，无需两次打开同一个文件.也欢迎速度相关的建议.

Is it possible to make this kind of search-replace routine better. For example without opening same file twice. Also speed related advices are welcome.

请注意，这适用于多行匹配并替换多行字符串.

Please notice that this works with multiline matches and replaces also multiline strings.

#!/bin/perl -w -0777

local $/ = undef;

open INFILE, $full_file_path or die "Could not open file. $!";
$string =  <INFILE>;
close INFILE;

$string =~ s/START.*STOP/$replace_string/sm;

open OUTFILE, ">", $full_file_path or die "Could not open file. $!";
print OUTFILE ($string);
close OUTFILE;

推荐答案

这种查找和替换可以用单行比如 -

This kind of search and replace can be accomplished with a one-liner such as -

perl -i -pe 's/START.*STOP/replace_string/g' file_to_change

有关完成同一件事的更多方法，请查看此线程.要处理多行搜索，请使用以下命令 -

For more ways to accomplish the same thing check out this thread. To handle multi-line searches use the following command -

perl -i -pe 'BEGIN{undef $/;} s/START.*STOP/replace_string/smg' file_to_change

为了将以下代码从单行代码转换为 perl 程序，请查看 perlrun文档.

In order to convert the following code from a one-liner to a perl program have a look at the perlrun documentation.

如果你真的发现需要将它转换成一个工作程序，那么就让 Perl 为你处理文件的打开/关闭.

If you really find the need to convert this into a working program then just let Perl handle the file opening/closing for you.

#!/usr/bin/perl -pi
#multi-line in place substitute - subs.pl
use strict;
use warnings;

BEGIN {undef $/;}

s/START.*STOP/replace_string/smg;

然后您可以使用文件名作为第一个参数调用脚本

You can then call the script with the filename as the first argument

$perl subs.pl file_to_change

如果你想要一个更详细的脚本来处理文件打开/关闭操作(我们不是喜欢所有那些死"语句)然后看看 perlrun 中的示例 -i[extension]切换.

If you want a more meatier script where you get to handle the file open/close operations(don't we love all those 'die' statements) then have a look at the example in perlrun under the -i[extension] switch.

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