如何使用 Python 和 matplotlib 制作 4d 绘图 [英] How to make a 4d plot using Python with matplotlib

问题描述

我正在寻找一种使用 Python 和 matplotlib 创建四维图(表面加上色标)的方法.我能够使用前三个变量生成表面，但我没有成功为第四个变量添加色阶.下面是我的数据的一小部分.任何帮助将不胜感激.谢谢

I am looking for a way to create four-dimensional plots (surface plus a color scale) using Python and matplotlib. I am able to generate the surface using the first three variables, but I am not having success adding the color scale for the fourth variable. Here is a small subset of my data below. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks

数据子集

var1    var2    var3    var4
10.39   73.32   2.02    28.26
11.13   68.71   1.86    27.83
12.71   74.27   1.89    28.26
11.46   91.06   1.63    28.26
11.72   85.38   1.51    28.26
13.39   78.68   1.89    28.26
13.02   68.02   2.01    28.26
12.08   64.37   2.18    28.26
11.58   60.71   2.28    28.26
8.94    65.67   1.92    27.04
11.61   59.57   2.32    27.52
19.06   74.49   1.69    63.35
17.52   73.62   1.73    63.51
19.52   71.52   1.79    63.51
18.76   67.55   1.86    63.51
19.84   53.34   2.3     63.51
20.19   59.82   1.97    63.51
17.43   57.89   2.05    63.38
17.9    59.95   1.89    63.51
18.97   57.84   2       63.51
19.22   57.74   2.05    63.51
17.55   55.66   1.99    63.51
19.22   101.31  6.76    94.29
19.41   99.47   6.07    94.15
18.99   94.01   7.32    94.08
19.88   103.57  6.98    94.58
19.08   95.38   5.66    94.14
20.36   100.43  6.13    94.47
20.13   98.78   7.37    94.47
20.36   89.36   8.79    94.71
20.96   84.48   8.33    94.01
21.02   83.97   6.78    94.72
19.6    95.64   6.56    94.57

推荐答案

要创建你想要的图，我们需要使用matplotlib的plot_surface来绘制Z vs (X,Y) 曲面，然后使用关键字参数 facecolors 为每个补丁传递一种新颜色.

To create the plot you want, we need to use matplotlib's plot_surface to plot Z vs (X,Y) surface, and then use the keyword argument facecolors to pass in a new color for each patch.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib import cm

# create some fake data
x = y = np.arange(-4.0, 4.0, 0.02)
# here are the x,y and respective z values
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z = np.sinc(np.sqrt(X*X+Y*Y))
# this is the value to use for the color
V = np.sin(Y)

# create the figure, add a 3d axis, set the viewing angle
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.view_init(45,60)

# here we create the surface plot, but pass V through a colormap
# to create a different color for each patch
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, facecolors=cm.Oranges(V))

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